PMID- 36661269
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230323
LR  - 20230323
IS  - 2050-7895 (Electronic)
IS  - 2050-7887 (Linking)
VI  - 25
IP  - 3
DP  - 2023 Mar 22
TI  - Gaseous and soil OCPs and PCBs along the Indus River, Pakistan: spatial patterns 
      and air-soil gradients.
PG  - 531-541
LID - 10.1039/d2em00363e [doi]
AB  - This study presents first-hand information on the occurrence of persistent 
      organic pollutants (POPs) in the ambient air and surface soil along the Indus 
      flood-plain, Pakistan. The sampling campaign was conducted at 15 site locations 
      during 2014-15, along the Indus River (approximately 1300 km). Composite surface 
      soil samples (N = 15) and passive air samples (N = 15) were collected for the 
      estimation of gaseous POPs as well as air-soil exchange to evaluate the POP 
      emission and distribution or dispersion patterns, source tracking, and 
      contribution of the local and regional sources towards POP accumulation in the 
      Indus River system. Among the studied POPs, levels of DDTs and PCBs were 
      noticeably higher in ambient air (50-560 and 10-1100 pg m(-3)) and in soil 
      (0.20-350 and 1.40-20 ng g(-1)), respectively. Regarding the spatial patterns, 
      higher DDT concentrations (ng g(-1)) were detected in the air and soil samples 
      collected from the wet mountain zone (WMZ) (p < 0.05), followed by the alluvial 
      riverine zone (ARZ), low-lying mountain zone (LLZ), and frozen mountain zone 
      (FMZ). The PCB data did not exhibit significant differences (p > 0.05) for the 
      air samples, while PCB concentrations were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in 
      soil from the LLZ, which may be associated with rapid urbanization and industrial 
      activities in this area. The air-soil exchange of DDTs and PCBs showed net 
      volatilization at most of the studied sites except for a few samples from the FMZ 
      and WMZ. Results of this study about air-soil exchange gradients indicate the 
      long range regional atmospheric transport (LRAT) of POPs to the colder areas 
      (FMZ) of Pakistan, where these act as a secondary source of POPs in these areas.
FAU - Sohail, Muhammad
AU  - Sohail M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2821-011X
AD  - Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan. 
      alishah@comsats.edu.pk.
AD  - Department of Zoology, University of Central Punjab, Sargodha Campus, Lahore, 
      Pakistan. s4-sohail@ucp.edu.pk.
FAU - Musstjab Akber Shah Eqani, Syed Ali
AU  - Musstjab Akber Shah Eqani SA
AD  - Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan. 
      alishah@comsats.edu.pk.
FAU - Ilyas, Shazia
AU  - Ilyas S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3241-0384
AD  - Department of Environmental Sciences, Forman Christian College (A Chartered 
      University), Lahore, Pakistan.
FAU - Bokhari, Habib
AU  - Bokhari H
AD  - Department of Microbiology, Kohsar University Murree, Punjab, Pakistan.
FAU - Ali, Nadeem
AU  - Ali N
AD  - Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 
      Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Podgorski, Joel E
AU  - Podgorski JE
AD  - Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, CH-8600 
      Dubendorf, Switzerland.
FAU - Muhammad, Shafi
AU  - Muhammad S
AD  - Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Pakistan. 
      alishah@comsats.edu.pk.
FAU - Adelman, Dave
AU  - Adelman D
AD  - Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, 215 South Ferry 
      Road, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA.
FAU - Lohmann, Rainer
AU  - Lohmann R
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8796-3229
AD  - Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, 215 South Ferry 
      Road, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230322
PL  - England
TA  - Environ Sci Process Impacts
JT  - Environmental science. Processes & impacts
JID - 101601576
RN  - DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls)
RN  - 0 (Soil)
RN  - 0 (Gases)
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Soil Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Polychlorinated Biphenyls/analysis
MH  - Soil
MH  - Pakistan
MH  - Rivers
MH  - Gases
MH  - Environmental Monitoring/methods
MH  - *Environmental Pollutants
MH  - *Air Pollutants/analysis
MH  - *Soil Pollutants/analysis
MH  - *Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/analysis
MH  - *Pesticides/analysis
EDAT- 2023/01/21 06:00
MHDA- 2023/03/24 06:00
CRDT- 2023/01/20 07:33
PHST- 2023/01/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/03/24 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2023/01/20 07:33 [entrez]
AID - 10.1039/d2em00363e [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Environ Sci Process Impacts. 2023 Mar 22;25(3):531-541. doi: 10.1039/d2em00363e.