PMID- 36705826
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230407
LR  - 20230407
IS  - 1614-7499 (Electronic)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Linking)
VI  - 30
IP  - 15
DP  - 2023 Mar
TI  - Persulfate activation by sludge-derived biochar for efficient degradation of 
      2,4-dichlorophenol: performance and mechanism.
PG  - 45259-45273
LID - 10.1007/s11356-023-25504-9 [doi]
AB  - Porous sludge biochar (PSDBC) and zero-valent iron (ZVI) supported on porous 
      sludge biochar composite (ZVI@PSDBC) were synthesized using municipal sludge 
      through pyrolysis under N(2) atmosphere, which manifested upgraded performance in 
      persulfate (PS) activation for 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) degradation. The 
      2,4-DCP (50 mg/L) could be almost completely removed within 20 min under 
      relatively low PS dosage (0.5 mmol/L) in both PSDBC/PS and ZVI@PSDBC/PS systems, 
      and the mineralization rate could respectively approach 73.7% and 91.6% in 60 
      min. Combined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform 
      infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron 
      spectroscopy (XPS) characterization and electron spin-resonance (ESR) detection, 
      electrochemical analysis, the radical and non-radical pathways in the catalytic 
      systems were discussed. Graphitized structure and superior conductivity made 
      PSDBC and ZVI@PSDBC not only act as electron donors in PS activation to create 
      radicals (mainly SO(4)(.-) and .OH), but also as "mediators" to facilitate the 
      direct electron transfer from 2,4-DCP to the catalysts-PS complexes. The C=O 
      groups of PSDBC and ZVI@PSDBC aided in the production of (1)O(2). Meanwhile, 
      zero-valent iron nanoparticles promoted the formation of radicals as the reactive 
      sites of PS, resulting in the most effective 2,4-DCP degradation in the 
      ZVI@PSDBC/PS system. The stability and practicability of sludge biochar materials 
      had been demonstrated in reusability and actual wastewater experiments. The 
      findings provided a promising way for the reuse of municipal sludge and effective 
      PS activation in wastewater treatment.
CI  - (c) 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, 
      part of Springer Nature.
FAU - Liu, Shurui
AU  - Liu S
AD  - School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants 
      Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian 
      District, Beijing, 100044, China.
FAU - Wang, Jin
AU  - Wang J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5679-0326
AD  - School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants 
      Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian 
      District, Beijing, 100044, China. jwang1@bjtu.edu.cn.
FAU - Zhang, Zijie
AU  - Zhang Z
AD  - School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants 
      Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian 
      District, Beijing, 100044, China.
FAU - Dou, Mengmeng
AU  - Dou M
AD  - School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants 
      Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian 
      District, Beijing, 100044, China.
FAU - Huo, Kaili
AU  - Huo K
AD  - School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants 
      Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian 
      District, Beijing, 100044, China.
FAU - Ding, Guoyu
AU  - Ding G
AD  - School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants 
      Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian 
      District, Beijing, 100044, China.
FAU - Zhou, Yanmei
AU  - Zhou Y
AD  - School of Environment, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants 
      Control and Water Quality Safeguard, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian 
      District, Beijing, 100044, China.
FAU - Qiao, Chen
AU  - Qiao C
AD  - North China Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute Co. Ltd., Tianjin, 
      300074, China.
LA  - eng
GR  - 52170065/National Natural Science Foundation of China/
GR  - 2022JBCZ003/Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230127
PL  - Germany
TA  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
JT  - Environmental science and pollution research international
JID - 9441769
RN  - 0 (Sewage)
RN  - R669TG1950 (2,4-dichlorophenol)
RN  - 0 (biochar)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - E1UOL152H7 (Iron)
RN  - 16291-96-6 (Charcoal)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Sewage
MH  - Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
MH  - *Water Pollutants, Chemical/chemistry
MH  - Iron/chemistry
MH  - Charcoal/chemistry
MH  - Oxidation-Reduction
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 2,4-DCP
OT  - Non-radical mechanism
OT  - Persulfate
OT  - Sludge-derived biochar
OT  - Zero-valent iron
EDAT- 2023/01/28 06:00
MHDA- 2023/04/07 06:42
CRDT- 2023/01/27 11:29
PHST- 2022/08/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/01/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/04/07 06:42 [medline]
PHST- 2023/01/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/01/27 11:29 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-023-25504-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-023-25504-9 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Mar;30(15):45259-45273. doi: 
      10.1007/s11356-023-25504-9. Epub 2023 Jan 27.