PMID- 36711385
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230131
LR  - 20230918
IS  - 2296-2565 (Electronic)
IS  - 2296-2565 (Linking)
VI  - 10
DP  - 2022
TI  - Carbon sequestration potential of different forest types in Pakistan and its role 
      in regulating services for public health.
PG  - 1064586
LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1064586 [doi]
LID - 1064586
AB  - A high amount of CO(2) causes numerous health effects, including headaches, 
      restlessness, difficulty in breathing, increased heart rate, high blood pressure, 
      asphyxia, and dizziness. This issue of increasing atmospheric CO(2) can only be 
      solved via above-ground and below-ground carbon sequestration (CS). This study 
      was designed to determine the relationship between CS with the crown area (CA), 
      diameter at breast height (DBH), height (H), species richness (SR), and elevation 
      in different forest types of Pakistan with the following specific objectives: (1) 
      to quantify the direct and indirect relationship of carbon sequestration with CA, 
      DBH, H, and SR in various natural forest types and (2) to evaluate the effect of 
      elevation on the trees functional traits and resultant CS. We used the linear 
      structural equation model (SEM) for each conceptual model. Our results confirmed 
      that the highest CS potential was recorded for dry temperate conifer forests 
      (DTCF) i.e., 52.67%, followed by moist temperate mix forests (MTMF) and 
      sub-tropical broad-leaved forests (STBLF). The SEM further described the carbon 
      sequestration variation, i.e., 57, 32, 19, and 16% under the influence of CA (beta = 
      0.90 and P-value < 0.001), H (beta = 0.13 and p-value = 0.05), DBH (beta = 0.07 and 
      p-value = 0.005), and SR (beta = -0.55 and p-value = 0.001), respectively. The 
      individual direct effect of SR on carbon sequestration has been negative and 
      significant. At the same time, the separate effect of CA, DBH, and H had a 
      positive and significant effect on carbon sequestration. The remaining 20% of CS 
      variations are indirectly influenced by elevation. This means that elevation 
      affects carbon sequestration indirectly through CA, DBH, H, and SR, i.e., beta = 
      0.133 and P-value < 0.166, followed by beta = 0.531 and P-value < 0.001, beta = 0.007 
      and P-value < 0.399, and beta = -0.32 and P-value < 0.001, respectively. It is 
      concluded that abiotic factors mainly determined carbon sequestration in forest 
      ecosystems along with the elevation gradients in Pakistan. Quantifying the role 
      of various forest types in carbon dioxide (CO(2)) reduction leads to improved air 
      quality, which positively impacts human health. This is an imperative and novel 
      study that links the dynamics of the biosphere and atmosphere.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 Ali, Khan, Ahmad, Siddiq, Ullah, Yoo, Han and Raposo.
FAU - Ali, Shahab
AU  - Ali S
AD  - Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
FAU - Khan, Shujaul Mulk
AU  - Khan SM
AD  - Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
AD  - Member Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan.
FAU - Ahmad, Zeeshan
AU  - Ahmad Z
AD  - Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
FAU - Siddiq, Zafar
AU  - Siddiq Z
AD  - Department of Botany, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan.
FAU - Ullah, Abd
AU  - Ullah A
AD  - Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
FAU - Yoo, Sunghoon
AU  - Yoo S
AD  - Audit Team, Hanmoo Convention (Oakwood Premier), Seoul, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Han, Heesup
AU  - Han H
AD  - College of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic 
      of Korea.
FAU - Raposo, Antonio
AU  - Raposo A
AD  - CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Universidade 
      Lusofona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisboa, Portugal.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230113
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Public Health
JT  - Frontiers in public health
JID - 101616579
RN  - 142M471B3J (Carbon Dioxide)
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Ecosystem
MH  - *Carbon Sequestration
MH  - Carbon Dioxide
MH  - Pakistan
MH  - Public Health
MH  - Forests
PMC - PMC9881653
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - air quality
OT  - carbon sequestration
OT  - elevation
OT  - regional scale
OT  - structural equation model
OT  - trees functional traits
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/01/31 06:00
MHDA- 2023/02/01 06:00
PMCR- 2023/01/13
CRDT- 2023/01/30 03:53
PHST- 2022/10/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/12/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/01/30 03:53 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/01/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/02/01 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2023/01/13 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1064586 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Public Health. 2023 Jan 13;10:1064586. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1064586. 
      eCollection 2022.