PMID- 36718139
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230202
IS  - 2090-2441 (Electronic)
IS  - 1110-8630 (Print)
IS  - 1110-8630 (Linking)
VI  - 24
IP  - 1
DP  - 2023
TI  - The role of HLA genotypes in understanding the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19.
PG  - 14
LID - 10.1186/s43042-023-00392-3 [doi]
LID - 14
AB  - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused human tragedy through 
      the global spread of the viral pathogen SARS-CoV-2. Although the underlying 
      factors for the severity of COVID-19 in different people are still unknown, 
      several gene variants can be used as predictors of disease severity, particularly 
      variations in viral receptor genes such as angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) 
      or major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes. The reaction of the immune 
      system, as the most important defense strategy in the case of viruses, plays a 
      decisive role. The innate immune system is important both as a primary line of 
      defense and as a trigger of the acquired immune response. The HLA-mediated 
      acquired immune response is linked to the acquired immune system. In various 
      diseases, it has been shown that genetic alterations in components of the immune 
      system can play a crucial role in how the body responds to pathogens, especially 
      viruses. One of the most important host genetic factors is the human leukocyte 
      antigen (HLA) profile, which includes HLA classes I and II and may be symbolic of 
      the diversity of immune response and genetic predisposition in disease 
      progression. COVID-19 will have direct contact with the acquired immune system as 
      an intracellular pathogen after exposure to the proteasome and its components 
      through class I HLA. Therefore, it is assumed that in different genotypes of the 
      HLA-I class, an undesirable supply causes an insufficient activation of the 
      immune system. Insufficient binding of antigen delivered by class I HLA to host 
      lymphocytes results in uncertain identification and insufficient activation of 
      the acquired immune system. The absence of secretion of immune cytokines such as 
      interferons, which play an important role in controlling viral infection in the 
      early stages, is a complication of this event. Understanding the allelic 
      diversity of HLA in people infected with coronavirus compared with uninfected 
      people of one race not only allows identification of people with HLA susceptible 
      to COVID-19 but also provides better insight into the behavior of the virus, 
      which helps to take effective preventive and curative measures earlier.
CI  - (c) The Author(s) 2023.
FAU - Arab, Fatemeh
AU  - Arab F
AD  - Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Mashhad 
      University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. GRID: grid.411583.a. ISNI: 0000 
      0001 2198 6209
FAU - Mollazadeh, Samaneh
AU  - Mollazadeh S
AD  - Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University 
      of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran. GRID: grid.464653.6. ISNI: 0000 0004 0459 
      3173
FAU - Ghayourbabaei, Farnaz
AU  - Ghayourbabaei F
AD  - Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ferdowsi, Mashhad, 
      Iran. GRID: grid.411301.6. ISNI: 0000 0001 0666 1211
FAU - Moghbeli, Meysam
AU  - Moghbeli M
AD  - Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Mashhad 
      University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. GRID: grid.411583.a. ISNI: 0000 
      0001 2198 6209
FAU - Saburi, Ehsan
AU  - Saburi E
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1679-1068
AD  - Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Mashhad 
      University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. GRID: grid.411583.a. ISNI: 0000 
      0001 2198 6209
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20230126
PL  - Egypt
TA  - Egypt J Med Hum Genet
JT  - The Egyptian journal of medical human genetics
JID - 101151137
PMC - PMC9878497
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - COVID-19
OT  - HLA
OT  - Prognosis
COIS- Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.
EDAT- 2023/02/01 06:00
MHDA- 2023/02/01 06:01
PMCR- 2023/01/26
CRDT- 2023/01/31 01:43
PHST- 2022/07/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/01/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/01/31 01:43 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/02/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/02/01 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2023/01/26 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 392 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s43042-023-00392-3 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Egypt J Med Hum Genet. 2023;24(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s43042-023-00392-3. Epub 2023 
      Jan 26.