PMID- 36726024 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230203 LR - 20230316 IS - 2045-2322 (Electronic) IS - 2045-2322 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Feb 1 TI - IL-6/ERK signaling pathway participates in type I IFN-programmed, unconventional M2-like macrophage polarization. PG - 1827 LID - 10.1038/s41598-022-23721-9 [doi] LID - 1827 AB - Type I interferons (IFN-Is) have been harnessed for cancer therapies due to their immunostimulatory functions. However, certain tumor-tolerating activities by IFN-Is also exist, and may potentially thwart their therapeutic effects. In this respect, our previous studies have demonstrated a monocyte-orchestrated, IFN-I-to-IL-4 cytokine axis, which can subsequently drive M2-skewed pro-tumoral polarization of macrophages. Whether other IFN-dependent signals may also contribute to such an unconventional circumstance of M2-like macrophage skewing remain unexplored. Herein, we first unveil IL-6 as another ligand that participates in IFN-dependent induction of a typical M2 marker (ARG1) in transitional monocytes. Indeed, IL-6 significantly promotes IL-4-dependent induction of a major group of prominent M2 markers in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and human peripheral blood-derived macrophages, while it alone does not engage marked increases of these markers. Such a pattern of regulation is confirmed globally by RNAseq analyses in BMDMs, which in turn suggests an association of IL-6-amplified subset of M2 genes with the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Interestingly, pharmacological experiments establish the role of SHP2-ERK cascade in mediating IL-6's enhancement effect on these M2 targets. Similar approaches also validate the involvement of IL-6/ERK signaling in promoting the IFN-dependent, unconventional M2-skewing phenotype in transitional monocytes. Furthermore, an inhibitor of ERK signaling cooperates with an IFN-I inducer to enable a greater antitumor effect, which correlates with suppression of treatment-elicited ARG1. The present work establishes a role of IL-6/ERK signaling in promoting M2-like macrophage polarization, and suggests this axis as a potential therapeutic target for combination with IFN-I-based cancer treatments. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Yang, Limin AU - Yang L AD - State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center at Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China. AD - Yancheng First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Yancheng, 224006, China. FAU - Guo, Panpan AU - Guo P AD - Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China. FAU - Wang, Pei AU - Wang P AD - State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center at Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China. FAU - Wang, Wei AU - Wang W AD - Yancheng First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Yancheng, 224006, China. rulerwong@163.com. AD - The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, 224006, China. rulerwong@163.com. FAU - Liu, Jianghuai AU - Liu J AD - State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center at Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China. liujianghuai@nju.edu.cn. AD - Yancheng First Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Yancheng, 224006, China. liujianghuai@nju.edu.cn. AD - Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China. liujianghuai@nju.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230201 PL - England TA - Sci Rep JT - Scientific reports JID - 101563288 RN - 0 (Interleukin-6) RN - 207137-56-2 (Interleukin-4) RN - 0 (Interferon Type I) SB - IM MH - Mice MH - Animals MH - Humans MH - Interleukin-6/metabolism MH - Interleukin-4/metabolism MH - Macrophages/metabolism MH - Signal Transduction MH - *Neoplasms/metabolism MH - *Interferon Type I/metabolism PMC - PMC9892596 COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/02/03 06:00 MHDA- 2023/02/04 06:00 PMCR- 2023/02/01 CRDT- 2023/02/02 00:02 PHST- 2022/08/14 00:00 [received] PHST- 2022/11/03 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/02/02 00:02 [entrez] PHST- 2023/02/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/02/04 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2023/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1038/s41598-022-23721-9 [pii] AID - 23721 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41598-022-23721-9 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Sci Rep. 2023 Feb 1;13(1):1827. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-23721-9.