PMID- 36738701
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230307
LR  - 20230307
IS  - 1873-4367 (Electronic)
IS  - 0927-7765 (Linking)
VI  - 223
DP  - 2023 Mar
TI  - Distribution of virulence genes and biofilm characterization of human isolates of 
      Streptococcus agalactiae: A pilot study.
PG  - 113151
LID - S0927-7765(23)00029-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113151 [doi]
AB  - This study included 21 newly isolated clinical samples of Streptococcus 
      agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus) screened in patients (six male, fifteen 
      female) from various states of India with different infections (urinary tract 
      infections, blood, pus and eye infections). All isolates were identified as Group 
      B Streptococcus (GBS) using hemolytic properties, serogrouping and MALDI-TOF-MS 
      analysis. Six virulence genes, cfb (100%), cylE (90.4%), lmp (85.7%), bca 
      (71.4%), rib (38%) and bac (4.7%) were detected via polymerase chain reaction 
      (PCR). Distribution studies of these six genes revealed five isolates containing 
      five virulence genes (23.8%), followed by ten isolates containing four virulence 
      genes (47.6%). The twenty GBS isolates selected on the glass surface included 
      non-biofilm producers (n = 6, 30%), weak (n = 11, 55%) and moderate biofilm 
      producers (n = 3, 15%). On the polystyrene surface, weak (n = 4, 20%), moderate 
      (n = 2, 10%) and strong (n = 14, 70%) biofilm producers were detected. Live-dead 
      cell staining revealed that more viable cells accumulated in the S. ag 7420 
      isolate than in the AH1 isolate. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) biofilm 
      analysis showed S. ag AH1 cells appeared as chain-like structures, whereas the S. 
      ag 7420 isolate biofilm cells appeared as fork-like structures on the glass 
      surface. Biofilm elements were analyzed using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis 
      (EDAX) for both isolates and 13 elements with different orders of composition 
      were found. Thus, virulence gene detection, distribution and biofilm formation by 
      these new clinical isolates suggested the virulent nature of these pathogens, 
      which might cause different levels of disease severity in humans.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Balasubramanian, N
AU  - Balasubramanian N
AD  - Department of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj 
      University, Madurai 625021, India. Electronic address: yenbala2007@gmail.com.
FAU - Pounpandi, P
AU  - Pounpandi P
AD  - Department of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj 
      University, Madurai 625021, India.
FAU - Varatharaju, G
AU  - Varatharaju G
AD  - Department of Microbial Technology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai 
      Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, India.
FAU - Shanmugaiah, V
AU  - Shanmugaiah V
AD  - Department of Microbial Technology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai 
      Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, India.
FAU - Balakrishnan, K
AU  - Balakrishnan K
AD  - Department of Immunology, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj 
      University, Madurai 625021, India.
FAU - Thirunarayan, M A
AU  - Thirunarayan MA
AD  - Department of Microbiology, Apollo Hospitals, Greams Road, Chennai 600006, India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230118
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces
JT  - Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces
JID - 9315133
RN  - 0 (Virulence Factors)
RN  - 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents)
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Female
MH  - *Streptococcus agalactiae
MH  - Virulence
MH  - Pilot Projects
MH  - Virulence Factors/genetics
MH  - *Streptococcal Infections
MH  - Anti-Bacterial Agents
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Biofilm
OT  - GBS
OT  - Gene distribution
OT  - Streptococcus agalactiae
OT  - UTI infection
OT  - Virulence gene
COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2023/02/05 06:00
MHDA- 2023/03/08 06:00
CRDT- 2023/02/04 18:19
PHST- 2022/09/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/01/13 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/01/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/02/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/03/08 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2023/02/04 18:19 [entrez]
AID - S0927-7765(23)00029-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113151 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2023 Mar;223:113151. doi: 
      10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113151. Epub 2023 Jan 18.