PMID- 36757903
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230509
LR  - 20230514
IS  - 2398-9238 (Electronic)
IS  - 2398-9238 (Linking)
VI  - 6
IP  - 3
DP  - 2023 May
TI  - Interleukin-39 is a novel cytokine associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 
      positively correlated with body mass index.
PG  - e409
LID - 10.1002/edm2.409 [doi]
LID - e409
AB  - INTRODUCTION: It is suggested that cytokines play a key role in the pathogenesis 
      of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, this study explored two recently 
      discovered cytokines, interleukin (IL)-37 (anti-inflammatory) and IL-39 
      (pro-inflammatory), in T2DM due to limited data in this context. METHODS: Serum 
      IL-37 and IL-39 levels were determined in 106 T2DM patients and 109 controls 
      using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. RESULTS: Serum levels (median and 
      interquartile range) of IL-37 (79 [47-102] vs. 60 [46-89] ng/L; probability 
      [p] = .04) and IL-39 (66 [59-69] vs. 31 [19-42] ng/L; p < .001) were 
      significantly elevated in T2DM patients compared to controls. As indicated by the 
      area under the curve (AUC), IL-39 (AUC = 0.973; p < .001) was more predictable 
      for T2DM than IL-37 (AUC = 0.582; p = .039). Elevated levels of IL-39 were 
      significantly associated with T2DM (odds ratio = 1.30; p < .001), while IL-37 did 
      not show this association. Classification of IL-37 and IL-39 levels by 
      demographic and clinical characteristics of patients revealed some significant 
      differences including gender (IL-39), body mass index (BMI; IL-37 and IL-39) and 
      diabetic neuropathy (IL-39). BMI was positively correlated with IL-39 
      (correlation coefficient [r(s) ] = 0.27; p = .005) and glycosylated haemoglobin 
      (r(s)  = 0.31; p = .001), and negatively correlated with age at onset (r(s) 
       = -0.24; p = .015). CONCLUSIONS: IL-37 and IL-39 levels were elevated in the 
      serum of T2DM patients. Besides, IL-39 is proposed to be a novel cytokine 
      associated with T2DM and positively correlated with BMI.
CI  - (c) 2023 The Authors. Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism published by John Wiley 
      & Sons Ltd.
FAU - Nussrat, Shahad W
AU  - Nussrat SW
AD  - Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, 
      Iraq.
FAU - Ad'hiah, Ali H
AU  - Ad'hiah AH
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2445-2242
AD  - Tropical-Biological Research Unit, College of Science, University of Baghdad, 
      Baghdad, Iraq.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230209
PL  - England
TA  - Endocrinol Diabetes Metab
JT  - Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism
JID - 101732442
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Interleukins)
RN  - 0 (Glycated Hemoglobin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Cytokines
MH  - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
MH  - Body Mass Index
MH  - Interleukins
MH  - Glycated Hemoglobin
PMC - PMC10164431
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Interleukin-37
OT  - Interleukin-39
OT  - body mass index
OT  - type 2 diabetes mellitus
COIS- The authors declare that they have no potential financial or non-financial 
      conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2023/02/10 06:00
MHDA- 2023/05/09 06:42
PMCR- 2023/02/09
CRDT- 2023/02/09 13:13
PHST- 2023/01/27 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/11/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/01/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/05/09 06:42 [medline]
PHST- 2023/02/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/02/09 13:13 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/02/09 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - EDM2409 [pii]
AID - 10.1002/edm2.409 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Endocrinol Diabetes Metab. 2023 May;6(3):e409. doi: 10.1002/edm2.409. Epub 2023 
      Feb 9.