PMID- 36761105
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230211
IS  - 1993-0771 (Print)
IS  - 1993-078X (Electronic)
IS  - 1993-0771 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 3
DP  - 2020
TI  - Chromosomes of parasitic wasps of the superfamily Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera): An 
      overview.
PG  - 399-416
LID - 10.3897/CompCytogen.v14i3.56535 [doi]
AB  - An overview of the current knowledge of chromosome sets of the parasitoid 
      superfamily Chalcidoidea is given. Karyotypes of approximately 240 members of 
      this group, i.e. just above one percent of described species, are studied up to 
      now. Techniques for obtaining and analyzing preparations of chalcid chromosomes 
      are outlined, including the so-called "traditional" and "modern" methods of 
      differential staining as well as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Among 
      the Chalcidoidea, the haploid chromosome number can vary from n = 3 to n = 11, 
      with a clear mode at n = 6 and a second local maximum at n = 10. In this group, 
      most chromosomes are either metacentric or submetacentric, but acrocentrics 
      and/or subtelocentrics also can predominate, especially within karyotypes of 
      certain Chalcidoidea with higher chromosome numbers. The following main types of 
      chromosomal mutations are characteristic of chalcid karyotypes: inversions, 
      fusions, translocations, polyploidy, aneuploidy and B chromosome variation. 
      Although karyotype evolution of this superfamily was mainly studied using 
      phylogenetic reconstructions based on morphological and/or molecular characters, 
      chromosomal synapomorphies of certain groups were also revealed. Taxonomic 
      implications of karyotypic features of the Chalcidoidea are apparently the most 
      important at the species level, especially among cryptic taxa.
CI  - Vladimir E. Gokhman.
FAU - Gokhman, Vladimir E
AU  - Gokhman VE
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9909-7559
AD  - Botanical Garden, Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia Moscow State 
      University Moscow Russia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20200825
PL  - Bulgaria
TA  - Comp Cytogenet
JT  - Comparative cytogenetics
JID - 101503807
PMC - PMC9849058
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - FISH
OT  - base-specific fluorochromes
OT  - chalcid wasps
OT  - differential staining
OT  - karyotypes
OT  - phylogeny
OT  - taxonomy
EDAT- 2020/08/25 00:00
MHDA- 2020/08/25 00:01
PMCR- 2020/08/25
CRDT- 2023/02/10 03:05
PHST- 2020/07/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/08/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/02/10 03:05 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/08/25 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/08/25 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/08/25 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 56535 [pii]
AID - 10.3897/CompCytogen.v14i3.56535 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Comp Cytogenet. 2020 Aug 25;14(3):399-416. doi: 10.3897/CompCytogen.v14i3.56535. 
      eCollection 2020.