PMID- 36768167
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230214
LR  - 20230214
IS  - 1422-0067 (Electronic)
IS  - 1422-0067 (Linking)
VI  - 24
IP  - 3
DP  - 2023 Jan 17
TI  - Genetic Background and Molecular Mechanisms of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.
LID - 10.3390/ijms24031846 [doi]
LID - 1846
AB  - Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common chronic rheumatic disease 
      in the paediatric population. JIA comprises a heterogeneous group of disorders 
      with different onset patterns and clinical presentations with the only element in 
      common being chronic joint inflammation. This review sought to evaluate the most 
      relevant and up-to-date evidence on current knowledge regarding the pathogenesis 
      of JIA subtypes to provide a better understanding of these disorders. Despite 
      significant improvements over the past decade, the aetiology and molecular 
      mechanisms of JIA remain unclear. It has been suggested that the 
      immunopathogenesis is characterised by complex interactions between genetic 
      background and environmental factors that may differ between JIA subtypes. Human 
      leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotypes and non-HLA genes play a crucial role in the 
      abnormal activation of both innate and adaptive immune cells that cooperate in 
      causing the inflammatory process. This results in the involvement of 
      proinflammatory cytokines, including tumour necrosis factor (TNF)alpha, interleukin 
      (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, IL-21, IL-23, and others. These mediators, 
      interacting with the surrounding tissue, cause cartilage stress and bone damage, 
      including irreversible erosions. The purpose of this review is to provide a 
      comprehensive overview of the genetic background and molecular mechanisms of JIA.
FAU - La Bella, Saverio
AU  - La Bella S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1244-0789
AD  - Paediatric Department, University of Chieti "G. D'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti, Italy.
FAU - Rinaldi, Marta
AU  - Rinaldi M
AD  - Paediatric Department, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Aylesbury-Thames 
      Valley Deanery, Aylesbury HP21 8AL, UK.
FAU - Di Ludovico, Armando
AU  - Di Ludovico A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2644-1475
AD  - Paediatric Department, University of Chieti "G. D'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti, Italy.
FAU - Di Donato, Giulia
AU  - Di Donato G
AD  - Paediatric Department, University of Chieti "G. D'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti, Italy.
FAU - Di Donato, Giulio
AU  - Di Donato G
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3979-9265
AD  - Paediatric Department, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
FAU - Salpietro, Vincenzo
AU  - Salpietro V
AD  - Paediatric Department, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
FAU - Chiarelli, Francesco
AU  - Chiarelli F
AD  - Paediatric Department, University of Chieti "G. D'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti, Italy.
FAU - Breda, Luciana
AU  - Breda L
AD  - Paediatric Department, University of Chieti "G. D'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20230117
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Int J Mol Sci
JT  - International journal of molecular sciences
JID - 101092791
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-1)
RN  - 0 (HLA Antigens)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Arthritis, Juvenile/genetics
MH  - Cytokines/genetics
MH  - Interleukin-1/genetics
MH  - HLA Antigens/genetics
MH  - Genetic Background
PMC - PMC9916312
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - JIA
OT  - juvenile idiopathic arthritis
OT  - molecular mechanisms
OT  - paediatric rheumatology
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/02/12 06:00
MHDA- 2023/02/15 06:00
PMCR- 2023/01/17
CRDT- 2023/02/11 01:18
PHST- 2022/12/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/01/07 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/01/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/02/11 01:18 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/02/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/02/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2023/01/17 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ijms24031846 [pii]
AID - ijms-24-01846 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijms24031846 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 17;24(3):1846. doi: 10.3390/ijms24031846.