PMID- 36770434
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230214
IS  - 2079-4991 (Print)
IS  - 2079-4991 (Electronic)
IS  - 2079-4991 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 3
DP  - 2023 Jan 24
TI  - Enhanced Ionic Polymer-Metal Composites with Nanocomposite Electrodes for 
      Restoring Eyelid Movement of Patients with Ptosis.
LID - 10.3390/nano13030473 [doi]
LID - 473
AB  - The present study aims to use enhanced ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMC) as 
      an artificial muscle (a soft-active actuator) to restore eyelid movement of 
      patients with ptosis. The previous eyelid movement mechanisms contained 
      drawbacks, specifically in the lower eyelid. We used finite element analysis 
      (FEA) to find the optimal mechanism among two different models (A and B). In 
      addition to common electrodes of IPMC (gold and platinum), the bovine serum 
      albumin (BSA) and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) polymers, with optimal weight 
      percentages of carbon nanotube (CNT) nanofiller, were also utilized as 
      non-metallic electrodes to improve the efficiency of the IPMC actuator. In both 
      models, IPMC with nanocomposite electrodes had higher efficiency as compared to 
      the metallic electrodes. In model A, which moved eyelids indirectly, IPMC with 
      MCC-CNT electrode generated a higher force (25.4%) and less stress (5.9 times) as 
      compared to IPMC with BSA-CNT electrode. However, the use of model A (even with 
      IPMCs) with nanocomposite electrodes can have limitations such as possible 
      malposition issues in the eyelids (especially lower). IPMC with MCC-CNT 
      nanocomposite electrode under model B, which moved eyelids directly, was the most 
      efficient option to restore eyelid movement. It led to higher displacements and 
      lower mechanical stress damage as compared to the BSA-CNT. This finding may 
      provide surgeons with valuable data to open a window in the treatment of patients 
      with ptosis.
FAU - Hosseini, Sara Sadat
AU  - Hosseini SS
AD  - Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, 
      USA.
FAU - Yamini, Bakhtiar
AU  - Yamini B
AD  - Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, 
      USA.
FAU - Ichkitidze, Levan
AU  - Ichkitidze L
AD  - Institute of Biomedical Systems of National Research University of Electronic 
      Technology (MIET), 124498 Moscow, Russia.
AD  - Institute of Bionic Technologies and Engineering of I.M. Sechenov First Moscow 
      State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
FAU - Asadi, Majid
AU  - Asadi M
AD  - Northern Michigan University, Marquette, MI 49855, USA.
FAU - Fernandez, Julie
AU  - Fernandez J
AD  - Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, 
      USA.
FAU - Gholampour, Seifollah
AU  - Gholampour S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4924-4239
AD  - Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, 
      USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - Margaret Hackett Family Program (MHFP)/Margaret Hackett Family Program (MHFP)/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230124
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Nanomaterials (Basel)
JT  - Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101610216
PMC - PMC9920823
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - artificial muscle
OT  - bovine serum albumin (BSA)
OT  - carbon nanotube (CNT)
OT  - ionic polymer-metal composites (IPMC)
OT  - microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)
OT  - ptosis
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/02/12 06:00
MHDA- 2023/02/12 06:01
PMCR- 2023/01/24
CRDT- 2023/02/11 01:32
PHST- 2022/11/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/01/11 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/01/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/02/11 01:32 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/02/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/02/12 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2023/01/24 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - nano13030473 [pii]
AID - nanomaterials-13-00473 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/nano13030473 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nanomaterials (Basel). 2023 Jan 24;13(3):473. doi: 10.3390/nano13030473.