PMID- 36772352
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230213
LR  - 20230214
IS  - 1424-8220 (Electronic)
IS  - 1424-8220 (Linking)
VI  - 23
IP  - 3
DP  - 2023 Jan 23
TI  - A Multicriteria Decision-Making Framework for Access Point Selection in Hybrid 
      LiFi/WiFi Networks Using Integrated AHP-VIKOR Technique.
LID - 10.3390/s23031312 [doi]
LID - 1312
AB  - Since light fidelity (LiFi) and wireless fidelity (WiFi) do not interfere with 
      one another, a LiFi/WiFi hybrid network may provide superior performance to 
      existing wireless options. With many users and constant changes, a network can 
      easily become overloaded, leading to slowdowns and fluctuations in data transfer 
      speeds. Access point assignment (APA) is required with the increase of users, 
      which can negatively impact the system performance and quality-of-service (QoS) 
      due to mobility and line-of-sight (LOS) blockage. Many variables could influence 
      the APA process; these variables are considered as criteria, such as the network 
      capacity, the degree of blockage, the speed of the connected user, etc. Unlike 
      conditional APA methods, recent studies have considered treating these variables 
      as "evaluation criteria". Considering these criteria can offer better and more 
      accurate results, eventually enhancing the APA process and QoS. However, the 
      variety of these criteria, the conflict amongst them, their weights (importance), 
      and priority have not been addressed so far. Moreover, treating the criteria 
      equally might result in inaccurate outcomes. Therefore, to solve this issue, it 
      is essential to investigate the impact of each criterion on the APA process. In 
      this work, a multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) problem is formulated to 
      determine a network-level selection for each user over a period of time The 
      decision problem is modeled as a hierarchy that fragments a problem into a 
      hierarchy of simple and small subproblems, and the selection of the AP network 
      among various alternatives is a considered as an MCDM problem. Based on the 
      previous works, we are not aware of any previous research attempts using MCDM 
      methods in the LiFi research area for network selection. Therefore, this work 
      proposes an access point assignment framework using an MCDM approach for users in 
      a hybrid LiFi/WiFi network. The experiment was conducted based on four phases: 
      Five criteria were identified and evaluated with eleven APs (alternatives). The 
      outcome of this phase was used to build the decision matrix and an MCDM was 
      developed and built based on user mobility and blockages with various scenarios 
      using all the criteria; The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was employed to 
      identify the criterion of the subjective weights of each criterion and to 
      determine the degree of importance supported by experts' judgement. Determining 
      the weights in the AHP process considered various investigations, including the 
      consistency ratio (CR) and the AHP consensus indicator, which is calculated using 
      the rank-based maximum likelihood method (RGMM) and Shannon entropy techniques. 
      The VIekriteri-Jumsko KOmpromisno Rangiranje (VIKOR) method is adopted in the 
      selection of the optimal AP for the proper selection of whether a LiFi or WiFi AP 
      must serve the users. The integrated AHP-VIKOR was effective for solving the APA 
      and was the best solution based on using weighted criteria simultaneously. 
      Moreover, the ranking outcomes of the developed integrated AHP-VIKOR approach 
      were evaluated using sensitivity analysis. The result of this work takes the APA 
      for hybrid LiFi networks to a new perspective.
FAU - Badeel, Rozin
AU  - Badeel R
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5527-264X
AD  - Department of Communication Technology and Network, University Putra Malaysia 
      (UPM), Seri Kembangan 43300, Malaysia.
FAU - Subramaniam, Shamala K
AU  - Subramaniam SK
AD  - Department of Communication Technology and Network, University Putra Malaysia 
      (UPM), Seri Kembangan 43300, Malaysia.
FAU - Muhammed, Abdullah
AU  - Muhammed A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0088-7073
AD  - Department of Communication Technology and Network, University Putra Malaysia 
      (UPM), Seri Kembangan 43300, Malaysia.
FAU - Hanapi, Zurina Mohd
AU  - Hanapi ZM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8079-1791
AD  - Department of Communication Technology and Network, University Putra Malaysia 
      (UPM), Seri Kembangan 43300, Malaysia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230123
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Sensors (Basel)
JT  - Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101204366
SB  - IM
PMC - PMC9919914
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - AHP
OT  - LiFi
OT  - MCDM
OT  - VIKOR
OT  - hybrid network
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/02/12 06:00
MHDA- 2023/02/12 06:01
PMCR- 2023/01/23
CRDT- 2023/02/11 01:43
PHST- 2022/12/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/01/13 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/01/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/02/11 01:43 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/02/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/02/12 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2023/01/23 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - s23031312 [pii]
AID - sensors-23-01312 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/s23031312 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sensors (Basel). 2023 Jan 23;23(3):1312. doi: 10.3390/s23031312.