PMID- 36823016
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230404
LR  - 20230404
IS  - 1525-3198 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-0302 (Linking)
VI  - 106
IP  - 4
DP  - 2023 Apr
TI  - Influence of lactation stage on heat production and macronutrient oxidation in 
      dairy cows during a 24-hour fasting period.
PG  - 2933-2947
LID - S0022-0302(23)00067-X [pii]
LID - 10.3168/jds.2022-22330 [doi]
AB  - Understanding nutrient utilization and partitioning is essential for advancing 
      the efficiency of dairy cattle. Our objective was to determine if dairy cows 
      exposed to a 24-h fasting period differ in heat production (HP) and macronutrient 
      oxidation at different stages of lactation. Twelve primiparous, lactating German 
      Holstein dairy cows were used in a longitudinal study design spanning from 2013 
      to 2014. Dairy cows were housed in respiration chambers during 3 stages of the 
      lactation cycle: early (mean +/- SD; 28.8 +/- 6.42 d), mid- (89.4 +/- 4.52 d), and late 
      (293 +/- 7.76 d) lactation. Individual CO(2), O(2), and CH(4) gas exchanges were 
      measured every 6 min for two 24-h periods, an ad libitum period and fasting 
      period (RES). Blood was sampled at the start and end of the RES period. Gas 
      measurements were used to calculate HP, net carbohydrate oxidation (COX), and net 
      fat oxidation (FOX). Measurements were corrected with metabolic BW (kg of 
      BW(0.75); cBW). The RES period for each stage of lactation was further subdivided 
      into the start (RES(start)) and end (RES(end)) by averaging the first and last 2 
      h of the RES period. The net change was calculated as RES(end) - RES(start). All 
      energy variables differed among lactation stage within the RES period except for 
      HP/cBW. As expected, COX, COX/cBW, COX/HP, HP, and HP/cBW, were greater at the 
      RES(start) compared with RES(end), whereas FOX, FOX/cBW, and FOX/HP were greater 
      at the RES(end) except for FOX and FOX/cBW during mid lactation, which was only a 
      tendency for a difference. The net change for COX, COX/cBW, HP, HP/cBW, and 
      FOX/cBW did not differ among stages of lactation. Despite detecting a tendency 
      for a difference among stage of lactation for FOX, pairwise analysis revealed no 
      differences. Plasma triglyceride, urea, and nonesterified fatty acid 
      concentrations were greater at RES(end) than RES(start). The net change for 
      plasma glucose, urea, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and nonesterified fatty acid 
      concentrations were greater in early than late lactation. Our results demonstrate 
      that despite differences in absolute measurements of energy variables and plasma 
      metabolites, the change in whole-body macronutrient oxidation and HP as cows' 
      transition from a fed-like state to a starvation-like state during a 24-h fasting 
      period is consistent throughout lactation.
CI  - The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. and Fass Inc. on behalf of the American 
      Dairy Science Association(R). This is an open access article under the CC BY 
      license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
FAU - Kennedy, K M
AU  - Kennedy KM
AD  - Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Nutritional 
      Physiology "Oskar Kellner," Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, Dummerstorf, 18196, Germany.
FAU - Kuhla, B
AU  - Kuhla B
AD  - Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Nutritional 
      Physiology "Oskar Kellner," Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, Dummerstorf, 18196, Germany. 
      Electronic address: b.kuhla@fbn-dummerstorf.de.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230222
PL  - United States
TA  - J Dairy Sci
JT  - Journal of dairy science
JID - 2985126R
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids, Nonesterified)
SB  - IM
MH  - Female
MH  - Cattle
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Lactation/metabolism
MH  - Longitudinal Studies
MH  - *Energy Metabolism
MH  - Fasting
MH  - Nutrients
MH  - Fatty Acids, Nonesterified
MH  - Thermogenesis
MH  - Diet/veterinary
MH  - Milk/metabolism
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - carbohydrate oxidation
OT  - dairy cows
OT  - fat oxidation
OT  - heat production
EDAT- 2023/02/24 06:00
MHDA- 2023/04/04 06:42
CRDT- 2023/02/23 22:16
PHST- 2022/05/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/10/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/04/04 06:42 [medline]
PHST- 2023/02/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/02/23 22:16 [entrez]
AID - S0022-0302(23)00067-X [pii]
AID - 10.3168/jds.2022-22330 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Dairy Sci. 2023 Apr;106(4):2933-2947. doi: 10.3168/jds.2022-22330. Epub 2023 
      Feb 22.