PMID- 36837983
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240430
IS  - 2072-666X (Print)
IS  - 2072-666X (Electronic)
IS  - 2072-666X (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 2
DP  - 2023 Jan 22
TI  - A Simple Micromilled Microfluidic Impedance Cytometer with Vertical Parallel 
      Electrodes for Cell Viability Analysis.
LID - 10.3390/mi14020283 [doi]
LID - 283
AB  - Microfluidic impedance cytometry has been demonstrated as an effective platform 
      for single cell analysis, taking advantage of microfabricated features and 
      dielectric cell sensing methods. In this study, we present a simple microfluidic 
      device to improve the sensitivity, accuracy, and throughput of single suspension 
      cell viability analysis using vertical sidewall electrodes fabricated by a widely 
      accessible negative manufacturing method. A microchannel milled through a 75 microm 
      platinum wire, which was embedded into poly-methyl-methacrylate (PMMA), created a 
      pair of parallel vertical sidewall platinum electrodes. Jurkat cells were 
      interrogated in a custom low-conductivity buffer (1.2 +/- 0.04 mS/cm) to reduce 
      current leakage and increase device sensitivity. Confirmed by live/dead staining 
      and electron microscopy, a single optimum excitation frequency of 2 MHz was 
      identified at which live and dead cells were discriminated based on the 
      disruption in the cell membrane associated with cell death. At this frequency, 
      live cells were found to exhibit changes in the impedance phase with no 
      appreciable change in magnitude, while dead cells displayed the opposite 
      behavior. Correlated with video microscopy, a computational algorithm was created 
      that could identify cell detection events and determine cell viability status by 
      application of a mathematical correlation method.
FAU - Eades, Jason
AU  - Eades J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6364-1604
AD  - Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University 
      and Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
FAU - Audiffred, Julianne F
AU  - Audiffred JF
AD  - Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University 
      and Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
FAU - Fincher, Micah
AU  - Fincher M
AD  - Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University 
      and Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
FAU - Choi, Jin-Woo
AU  - Choi JW
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9210-9681
AD  - Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan Technological 
      University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA.
FAU - Soper, Steven A
AU  - Soper SA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8292-7058
AD  - Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66044, USA.
AD  - Center of Biomodular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, University of 
      Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66044, USA.
FAU - Monroe, William Todd
AU  - Monroe WT
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7889-3799
AD  - Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University 
      and Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - P20 GM130423/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P41 EB020594/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R24 OD010441/OD/NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230122
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Micromachines (Basel)
JT  - Micromachines
JID - 101640903
PMC - PMC9959585
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - impedance spectroscopy
OT  - microfluidic impedance cytometry
OT  - micromilling
OT  - sidewall electrodes
OT  - single cell
OT  - vertical electrodes
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/02/26 06:00
MHDA- 2023/02/26 06:01
PMCR- 2023/01/22
CRDT- 2023/02/25 03:41
PHST- 2022/12/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/01/10 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/01/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/02/25 03:41 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/02/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/02/26 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2023/01/22 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - mi14020283 [pii]
AID - micromachines-14-00283 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/mi14020283 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Micromachines (Basel). 2023 Jan 22;14(2):283. doi: 10.3390/mi14020283.