PMID- 36838025
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230301
IS  - 2072-666X (Print)
IS  - 2072-666X (Electronic)
IS  - 2072-666X (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 2
DP  - 2023 Jan 27
TI  - Status and Prospects of Heterojunction-Based HEMT for Next-Generation Biosensors.
LID - 10.3390/mi14020325 [doi]
LID - 325
AB  - High electron mobility transistor (HEMT) biosensors hold great potential for 
      realizing label-free, real-time, and direct detection. Owing to their unique 
      properties of two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG), HEMT biosensors have the 
      ability to amplify current changes pertinent to potential changes with the 
      introduction of any biomolecules, making them highly surface charge sensitive. 
      This review discusses the recent advances in the use of AlGaN/GaN and AlGaAs/GaAs 
      HEMT as biosensors in the context of different gate architectures. We describe 
      the fundamental mechanisms underlying their operational functions, giving insight 
      into crucial experiments as well as the necessary analysis and validation of 
      data. Surface functionalization and biorecognition integrated into the HEMT gate 
      structures, including self-assembly strategies, are also presented in this 
      review, with relevant and promising applications discussed for ultra-sensitive 
      biosensors. Obstacles and opportunities for possible optimization are also 
      surveyed. Conclusively, future prospects for further development and applications 
      are discussed. This review is instructive for researchers who are new to this 
      field as well as being informative for those who work in related fields.
FAU - Fauzi, Najihah
AU  - Fauzi N
AD  - Institute of Nano Optoelectronics Research and Technology (INOR), Universiti 
      Sains Malaysia, Sains@USM, Bayan Lepas 11900, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
FAU - Mohd Asri, Rahil Izzati
AU  - Mohd Asri RI
AD  - Institute of Nano Optoelectronics Research and Technology (INOR), Universiti 
      Sains Malaysia, Sains@USM, Bayan Lepas 11900, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
FAU - Mohamed Omar, Mohamad Faiz
AU  - Mohamed Omar MF
AD  - Collaborative Microelectronic Design Excellence Center (CEDEC), Universiti Sains 
      Malaysia, Sains@USM, Bayan Lepas 11900, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
FAU - Manaf, Asrulnizam Abd
AU  - Manaf AA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6198-263X
AD  - Collaborative Microelectronic Design Excellence Center (CEDEC), Universiti Sains 
      Malaysia, Sains@USM, Bayan Lepas 11900, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
FAU - Kawarada, Hiroshi
AU  - Kawarada H
AD  - Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan.
AD  - The Kagami Memorial Laboratory for Materials Science and Technology, Waseda 
      University, Nishiwaseda, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-0051, Japan.
FAU - Falina, Shaili
AU  - Falina S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0875-9903
AD  - Collaborative Microelectronic Design Excellence Center (CEDEC), Universiti Sains 
      Malaysia, Sains@USM, Bayan Lepas 11900, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
AD  - Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan.
FAU - Syamsul, Mohd
AU  - Syamsul M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3236-3303
AD  - Institute of Nano Optoelectronics Research and Technology (INOR), Universiti 
      Sains Malaysia, Sains@USM, Bayan Lepas 11900, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
AD  - Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan.
LA  - eng
GR  - FRGS/1/2022/STG05/USM/02/11/Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia for Fundamental 
      Research Grant Scheme/
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20230127
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Micromachines (Basel)
JT  - Micromachines
JID - 101640903
PMC - PMC9966278
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - FET
OT  - GaAs HEMT
OT  - GaN HEMT
OT  - ISFET
OT  - biosensor
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/02/26 06:00
MHDA- 2023/02/26 06:01
PMCR- 2023/01/27
CRDT- 2023/02/25 03:42
PHST- 2022/12/31 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/01/20 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/01/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/02/25 03:42 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/02/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/02/26 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2023/01/27 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - mi14020325 [pii]
AID - micromachines-14-00325 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/mi14020325 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Micromachines (Basel). 2023 Jan 27;14(2):325. doi: 10.3390/mi14020325.