PMID- 36843865
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20231031
IS  - 1319-1683 (Print)
IS  - 2229-340X (Electronic)
IS  - 1319-1683 (Linking)
VI  - 30
IP  - 1
DP  - 2023 Jan-Mar
TI  - Association between diabetes-related distress and glycemic control in primary 
      care patients with Type 2 diabetes during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) 
      pandemic in Egypt.
PG  - 42-50
LID - 10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_238_22 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Diabetes-related distress and glycemic control are of a particular 
      concern to primary care physicians because of the impact of the coronavirus 
      disease 2019 pandemic on diabetic patients' lifestyle, psychological well-being 
      and healthcare access. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between 
      diabetes-related distress and glycemic control in diabetic patients with Type 2 
      diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in primary care settings during the pandemic. MATERIALS 
      AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at primary healthcare 
      clinics in a rural area in Egypt among 430 patients with T2DM during the period 
      from September 2020 to June 2021. All patients were interviewed for their 
      sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical characteristics. Diabetes-related 
      distress was measured by the problem areas in the diabetes scale (PAID), where a 
      total score of >/=40 indicated a severe diabetes-related distress. The most recent 
      glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measurements were used to indicate the glycemic 
      control. Quantile regression model (0.50 quantile) was used to perform the 
      multivariate analysis to identify significant factors associated with HbA1c 
      level. RESULTS: Most of the participants had a suboptimal glycemic control 
      (92.3%), while 13.3% had severe diabetes-related distress. HbA1c level was 
      significantly and positively correlated with the total PAID score and all its 
      sub-domains. Multivariate quantile regression revealed that obesity, 
      multi-morbidity, and severe diabetes-related distress were the only significant 
      determinants of the HbA1c median level. Obese patients had significantly higher 
      median HbA1c compared to patients who were not obese (coefficient = 0.25, P < 
      0.001). Patients with two or more comorbidities (i.e., multimorbidity) had a 
      significantly higher median HbA1c than patients with single or no chronic 
      comorbidities (coefficient = 0.41, P < 0.001). Severe diabetes-related distress 
      was significantly associated with higher median HbA1c compared to nonsevere 
      diabetes-related distress (coefficient = 0.20, P = 0.018). CONCLUSION: 
      Diabetes-related distress had a significant association with HbA1c level. Family 
      physicians should implement multifaceted programs to optimize diabetes control 
      and reduce any associated distress.
CI  - Copyright: (c) 2022 Journal of Family and Community Medicine.
FAU - Elotla, Sally F
AU  - Elotla SF
AD  - Department of Public Health, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of 
      Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
FAU - Fouad, Ahmed M
AU  - Fouad AM
AD  - Department of Public Health, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of 
      Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
FAU - Mohamed, Samar F
AU  - Mohamed SF
AD  - Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 
      Ismailia, Egypt.
FAU - Joudeh, Anwar I
AU  - Joudeh AI
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 
      Ismailia, Egypt.
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
FAU - Mostafa, Mona
AU  - Mostafa M
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, 
      Amman, Jordan.
FAU - Hayek, Samer El
AU  - Hayek SE
AD  - Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller 
      School of Medicine, Jackson Health System, Miami, Florida, USA.
FAU - Shah, Jaffer
AU  - Shah J
AD  - Department of Public Health, New York State Department of Health, NY, USA.
FAU - Ahmed, Hazem A S
AU  - Ahmed HAS
AD  - Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 
      Ismailia, Egypt.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20221229
PL  - India
TA  - J Family Community Med
JT  - Journal of family & community medicine
JID - 100911100
PMC - PMC9954422
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Coronavirus disease 2019
OT  - Egypt
OT  - Type-2 diabetes mellitus
OT  - glycated hemoglobin
OT  - problem areas in diabetes scale
COIS- There are no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2023/02/28 06:00
MHDA- 2023/02/28 06:01
PMCR- 2023/01/01
CRDT- 2023/02/27 03:56
PHST- 2022/07/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/09/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2022/10/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/02/27 03:56 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/02/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/02/28 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2023/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - JFCM-30-42 [pii]
AID - 10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_238_22 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Family Community Med. 2023 Jan-Mar;30(1):42-50. doi: 10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_238_22. 
      Epub 2022 Dec 29.