PMID- 36867998
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230321
LR  - 20230321
IS  - 1873-2534 (Electronic)
IS  - 0165-2427 (Linking)
VI  - 258
DP  - 2023 Apr
TI  - Response of elephant peripheral blood mononuclear cells when stimulated with 
      elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus glycoprotein B (EEHV-gB).
PG  - 110577
LID - S0165-2427(23)00031-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110577 [doi]
AB  - Elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus-hemorrhagic disease (EEHV-HD) is the most 
      highly fatal infectious disease among young Asian elephants. Despite the fact 
      that antiviral therapy has been widely used, its therapeutic outcomes remain 
      uncertain. Additionally, the virus has yet to be successfully cultivated in vitro 
      in the process of develop viral envelope glycoproteins for vaccine design. The 
      present study aims to investigate and evaluate EEHV1A glycoprotein B (gB) 
      antigenic epitopes as potential candidates for further vaccine development. 
      Epitopes of EEHV1A-gB were employed in in silico predictions and designed by 
      using online antigenic predicting tools. Candidate genes were then constructed, 
      transformed and expressed in the E. coli vectors prior to examine their potential 
      for acceleration elephant immune responses in vitro. Elephant peripheral blood 
      mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from 16 healthy juvenile Asian elephants were 
      investigated for their proliferative capability and cytokine responses after 
      being stimulated with EEHV1A-gB epitopes. Exposure of elephant PBMCs to 20 microg/mL 
      of gB for 72 h resulted in a significant proliferation of CD3 + cells when 
      compared with the control group. Furthermore, proliferation of CD3 + cells was 
      associated with a marked up-regulation of cytokine mRNA expression, involving 
      IL-1beta, IL-8, IL-12 and IFN-gamma. It remains to be determined whether these candidate 
      EEHV1A-gB epitopes could activate immune responses in animal models or elephants 
      in vivo. Our potentially promising results demonstrate a degree of feasibility 
      for the use of these gB epitopes in expanding EEHV vaccine development.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Sittisak, Tidaratt
AU  - Sittisak T
AD  - Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of 
      Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand.
FAU - Guntawang, Thunyamas
AU  - Guntawang T
AD  - Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of 
      Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand.
FAU - Srivorakul, Saralee
AU  - Srivorakul S
AD  - Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of 
      Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand.
FAU - Photichai, Kornravee
AU  - Photichai K
AD  - Veterinary Diagnostic Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai 
      University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand.
FAU - Boonprasert, Khajohnpat
AU  - Boonprasert K
AD  - Center of Excellence in Elephant and Wildlife Research, Chiang Mai University, 
      Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand.
FAU - Khammesri, Siripat
AU  - Khammesri S
AD  - Center of Excellence in Elephant and Wildlife Research, Chiang Mai University, 
      Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand.
FAU - Chuammitri, Phongsakorn
AU  - Chuammitri P
AD  - Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of 
      Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand.
FAU - Thitaram, Chatchote
AU  - Thitaram C
AD  - Center of Excellence in Elephant and Wildlife Research, Chiang Mai University, 
      Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; Department of Companion Animals and Wildlife Clinics, 
      Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, 
      Thailand.
FAU - Hsu, Wei-Li
AU  - Hsu WL
AD  - Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
FAU - Thanawongnuwech, Roongroje
AU  - Thanawongnuwech R
AD  - Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Chulalongkorn 
      University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
FAU - Pringproa, Kidsadagon
AU  - Pringproa K
AD  - Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of 
      Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; Center of 
      Excellence in Elephant and Wildlife Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 
      50100, Thailand. Electronic address: kidsadagon.p@cmu.ac.th.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230228
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Vet Immunol Immunopathol
JT  - Veterinary immunology and immunopathology
JID - 8002006
RN  - 0 (Glycoproteins)
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Epitopes)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Elephants
MH  - *Herpesvirus 1, Cercopithecine
MH  - Leukocytes, Mononuclear
MH  - Escherichia coli
MH  - *Herpesviridae/genetics
MH  - *Herpesviridae Infections/prevention & control/veterinary
MH  - Glycoproteins
MH  - Cytokines/genetics
MH  - Epitopes
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - EEHV
OT  - Epitopes
OT  - Glycoprotein B
OT  - Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
OT  - Vaccine
COIS- Conflict of interest statement None of the authors of this paper has a financial 
      or personal relationship with other people or organizations that could 
      inappropriately influence or bias the content of the paper.
EDAT- 2023/03/04 06:00
MHDA- 2023/03/22 06:00
CRDT- 2023/03/03 18:11
PHST- 2022/12/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/02/10 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/02/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/03/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/03/22 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2023/03/03 18:11 [entrez]
AID - S0165-2427(23)00031-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110577 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2023 Apr;258:110577. doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2023.110577. 
      Epub 2023 Feb 28.