PMID- 36896723
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230313
LR  - 20230313
IS  - 2245-1919 (Electronic)
IS  - 2245-1919 (Linking)
VI  - 70
IP  - 3
DP  - 2023 Feb 21
TI  - Olfactory training in long COVID-19 patients with lasting symptoms including 
      olfactory dysfunction.
LID - A09220568 [pii]
AB  - INTRODUCTION: Two-thirds of patients with COVID-19 developed smell and taste 
      dysfunction, of whom half experienced improvement within the first month. After 
      six months, 5-15% still suffered from significant olfactory dysfunction (OD). 
      Before COVID-19, olfactory training (OT) was proved to be effective in patients 
      with post-infectious OD. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the 
      progress of olfactory recovery with and without OT in patients with long 
      COVID-19. METHODS: Consecutive patients with long COVID-19 referred to the 
      Flavour Clinic at Godstrup Regional Hospital, Denmark, were enrolled. The 
      diagnostic set-up at the first visit and follow-up included smell and taste 
      tests, questionnaires, ENT examination and instructions in OT. RESULTS: From 
      January 2021 to April 2022, 52 patients were included due to long 
      COVID-19-related OD. The majority of patients complained of distorted sensory 
      quality, in particular, parosmia. Two-thirds of the patients reported a 
      subjective improvement of their sense of smell and taste along with a significant 
      decline in the negative impact on quality of life (p = 0.0001). Retesting at 
      follow-up demonstrated a significant increase in smell scores (p = 0.023) where a 
      minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in smell scores was found in 23% 
      of patients. Full training compliance was significantly associated with the 
      probability of MCID improvement (OR = 8.13; p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: The average 
      effect of OT is modest; however, full training compliance was significantly 
      associated with an increased probability of a clinically relevant olfactory 
      improvement. FUNDING: none. TRIAL REGISTRATION: not relevant.
CI  - Articles published in the DMJ are "open access". This means that the articles are 
      distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial 
      License, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in 
      any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
FAU - Fjaeldstad, Alexander W
AU  - Fjaeldstad AW
AD  - Flavour Institute, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University.
AD  - Flavour Clinic, University Clinic for Flavour, Balance and Sleep, Department of 
      Otorhinolaryngology, Godstrup Regional Hospital, Denmark.
FAU - Ovesen, Thomas
AU  - Ovesen T
AD  - Flavour Institute, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University.
FAU - Stankevice, Dovile
AU  - Stankevice D
AD  - Flavour Institute, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University.
AD  - Flavour Clinic, University Clinic for Flavour, Balance and Sleep, Department of 
      Otorhinolaryngology, Godstrup Regional Hospital, Denmark.
FAU - Ovesen, Therese
AU  - Ovesen T
AD  - Flavour Institute, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University.
AD  - Flavour Clinic, University Clinic for Flavour, Balance and Sleep, Department of 
      Otorhinolaryngology, Godstrup Regional Hospital, Denmark.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230221
PL  - Denmark
TA  - Dan Med J
JT  - Danish medical journal
JID - 101576205
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - Smell
MH  - Olfactory Training
MH  - Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome
MH  - Quality of Life
MH  - *COVID-19/complications
MH  - *Olfaction Disorders/etiology/therapy
EDAT- 2023/03/11 06:00
MHDA- 2023/03/14 06:00
CRDT- 2023/03/10 05:13
PHST- 2023/03/10 05:13 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/03/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/03/14 06:00 [medline]
AID - A09220568 [pii]
PST - epublish
SO  - Dan Med J. 2023 Feb 21;70(3):A09220568.