PMID- 36903503
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230316
LR  - 20230316
IS  - 1420-3049 (Electronic)
IS  - 1420-3049 (Linking)
VI  - 28
IP  - 5
DP  - 2023 Feb 28
TI  - Linum corymbulosum Protects Rats against CCl(4)-Induced Hepatic Injuries through 
      Modulation of an Unfolded Protein Response Pathway and Pro-Inflammatory 
      Intermediates.
LID - 10.3390/molecules28052257 [doi]
LID - 2257
AB  - Liver fibrosis is a major pathological feature of chronic liver disease and 
      effective therapies are limited at present. The present study focuses on the 
      hepatoprotective potential of L. corymbulosum against carbon tetrachloride 
      (CCl(4))-induced liver damage in rats. Analysis of Linum corymbulosum methanol 
      extract (LCM) using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) revealed the 
      presence of rutin, apigenin, catechin, caffeic acid and myricetin. CCl(4) 
      administration lowered (p < 0.01) the activities of antioxidant enzymes and 
      reduced glutathione (GSH) content as well as soluble proteins, whereas the 
      concentration of H(2)O(2), nitrite and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances 
      was higher in hepatic samples. In serum, the level of hepatic markers and total 
      bilirubin was elevated followed by CCl(4) administration. The expression of 
      glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), x-box binding protein-1 total (XBP-1 t), x-box 
      binding protein-1 spliced (XBP-1 s), x-box binding protein-1 unspliced (XBP-1 u) 
      and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) was enhanced in 
      CCl(4)-administered rats. Similarly, the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha 
      (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemo attractant protein-1 (MCP-1) was 
      strongly increased with CCl(4) administration to rats. Co-administration of LCM 
      along with CCl(4) to rats lowered (p < 0.05) the expression of the above genes. 
      Histopathology of the liver showed hepatocyte injury, leukocyte infiltration and 
      damaged central lobules in CCl(4)-treated rats. However, LCM administration to 
      CCl(4)-intoxicated rats restored the altered parameters towards the levels of 
      control rats. These outcomes indicate the existence of antioxidant and 
      anti-inflammatory constituents in the methanol extract of L. corymbulosum.
FAU - Batool, Riffat
AU  - Batool R
AD  - Directorate of BASR, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad 44310, Pakistan.
FAU - Khan, Muhammad Rashid
AU  - Khan MR
AD  - Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam 
      University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
FAU - Ijaz, Muhammad Umar
AU  - Ijaz MU
AD  - Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, 
      Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
FAU - Naz, Irum
AU  - Naz I
AD  - Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and 
      Bioinformatics, Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences, The Islamia 
      University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan.
FAU - Batool, Afsheen
AU  - Batool A
AD  - Faculty RMU & Allied Hospitals, Rawalpindi Medical University and Allied 
      Hospital, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan.
FAU - Ali, Saima
AU  - Ali S
AD  - Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam 
      University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
FAU - Zahra, Zartash
AU  - Zahra Z
AD  - Gujrat Institute of Management Sciences, Peer Mehar Ali Shah Arid Agriculture 
      University, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan.
FAU - Gul, Safia
AU  - Gul S
AD  - Department of Botany, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women's University Quetta, Quetta 
      87300, Pakistan.
FAU - Uddin, Mohammad N
AU  - Uddin MN
AD  - College of Pharmacy, Mercer University, 3001 Mercer University Drive, Atlanta, GA 
      30341, USA.
FAU - Kazi, Mohsin
AU  - Kazi M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5611-0378
AD  - Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 
      11451, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Khan, Raees
AU  - Khan R
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1388-7141
AD  - Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam 
      University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230228
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Molecules
JT  - Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 100964009
RN  - 0 (Antioxidants)
RN  - CL2T97X0V0 (Carbon Tetrachloride)
RN  - BBX060AN9V (Hydrogen Peroxide)
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Rats
MH  - Antioxidants/chemistry
MH  - Carbon Tetrachloride/toxicity
MH  - *Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/metabolism
MH  - *Flax/metabolism
MH  - Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism
MH  - Liver
MH  - *Liver Diseases/metabolism
MH  - Oxidative Stress
MH  - Plant Extracts/chemistry
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - *Unfolded Protein Response
PMC - PMC10004795
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - ER stress
OT  - Linum corymbulosum
OT  - antioxidant
OT  - hepatic markers
OT  - pro-inflammatory intermediates
COIS- The Authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or 
      personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in 
      this paper.
EDAT- 2023/03/12 06:00
MHDA- 2023/03/15 06:00
PMCR- 2023/02/28
CRDT- 2023/03/11 01:26
PHST- 2023/01/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/02/08 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/02/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/03/11 01:26 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/03/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/03/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2023/02/28 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - molecules28052257 [pii]
AID - molecules-28-02257 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/molecules28052257 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Molecules. 2023 Feb 28;28(5):2257. doi: 10.3390/molecules28052257.