PMID- 36916041
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230317
IS  - 2671-9525 (Electronic)
IS  - 2671-9525 (Linking)
VI  - 37
IP  - 4
DP  - 2022 Dec
TI  - Combinations of cypermethrin and dimethoate alter behavior, hematology and 
      histology of African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus.
PG  - e2022028-0
LID - 10.5620/eaht.2022028 [doi]
LID - e2022028
AB  - Cypermethrin and dimethoate are pesticides frequently used in agriculture to 
      eliminate pests. Contemporaneity of these and other pesticides in commercial 
      preparations and several aquatic ecosystems is well known, though poorly studied. 
      This study aims to evaluate the effect of sublethal concentrations of 
      combinations of cypermethrin and dimethoate on juvenile catfish, Clarias 
      gariepinus, given that the pesticides concomitantly occur in the floodplains were 
      the fish breed. Behavioral, hematological and histopathological changes in 
      juvenile fish exposed to sublethal concentrations were monitored for 96 hours. 
      Pesticide exposed fish exhibited abnormal behaviors such as erratic swimming, 
      frequent air gulping, sudden jerk movement and rapid opercula movement and these 
      were more pronounced in higher concentrations. Significant reductions in 
      erythrocytes (0.83-20.94%), hemoglobin (4.12-29.23%) and PVC (7.14-28.57%) and 
      increase in leucocytes (4.84-9.32%) were observed (p<0.05). Mean corpuscular 
      hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean cell 
      volume (MCV) reduced significantly in the exposed groups compared to the control. 
      Infiltration of inflammatory cells, distortion of cell architecture, hemorrhage 
      and necrosis were the observed histopathological damages in the heart, brain, 
      gill, liver, kidney and fin of exposed fish. These pathological damages were more 
      severe than previously reported for either chemical. Therefore, the use of these 
      chemicals in agriculture should be regulated, especially near fish breeding 
      sites.
FAU - Okogwu, Okechukwu Idumah
AU  - Okogwu OI
AD  - Department of Applied Biology, Ebonyi State University, PMB 53 Abakaliki, Ebonyi 
      State, Nigeria.
FAU - Elebe, Florence Amarachineke
AU  - Elebe FA
AD  - Department of Applied Biology, Ebonyi State University, PMB 53 Abakaliki, Ebonyi 
      State, Nigeria.
FAU - Nwonumara, Godwin Nkwuda
AU  - Nwonumara GN
AD  - Department of Applied Biology, Ebonyi State University, PMB 53 Abakaliki, Ebonyi 
      State, Nigeria.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20221011
PL  - Korea (South)
TA  - Environ Anal Health Toxicol
JT  - Environmental analysis, health and toxicology
JID - 101758126
PMC - PMC10014742
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - ecological risk
OT  - fish breeding site
OT  - oxidative stress
OT  - pesticide toxicity
OT  - xenobiotics
COIS- Conflict of interest The authors declare no conflict of interest that influenced 
      the outcome of the results presented in the paper.
EDAT- 2023/03/15 06:00
MHDA- 2023/03/15 06:01
PMCR- 2022/10/11
CRDT- 2023/03/14 03:11
PHST- 2022/04/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2022/09/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/03/14 03:11 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/03/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/03/15 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2022/10/11 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - eaht.2022028 [pii]
AID - eaht-37-4-e2022028 [pii]
AID - 10.5620/eaht.2022028 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Anal Health Toxicol. 2022 Dec;37(4):e2022028-0. doi: 
      10.5620/eaht.2022028. Epub 2022 Oct 11.