PMID- 36919058
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230317
IS  - 2168-8184 (Print)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Electronic)
IS  - 2168-8184 (Linking)
VI  - 15
IP  - 2
DP  - 2023 Feb
TI  - Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome Presenting as Disseminated Kaposi 
      Sarcoma.
PG  - e34832
LID - 10.7759/cureus.34832 [doi]
LID - e34832
AB  - We present a patient who was previously diagnosed with HIV and had multiple 
      violaceous skin lesions at the time of his diagnosis. Following the initiation of 
      antiretroviral therapy (ART), the number of lesions increased significantly and 
      he developed shortness of breath, which prompted hospital admission for further 
      workup. Biopsy of the skin lesions confirmed the diagnosis of Kaposi sarcoma 
      (KS). Bronchoscopy with biopsy revealed KS lesions in his respiratory system. 
      Imaging and biopsy confirmed KS invasion of lymph nodes. Due to widespread KS, he 
      was diagnosed with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Because of 
      the lack of improvement on ART alone, he was started on chemotherapy, which 
      decreased the size of existing skin lesions, stalled the development of new skin 
      lesions, and led to symptom improvement. As a result of this case, we recommend 
      that treatment teams have close follow-ups of patients started on ART and that 
      they remain mindful of the possibility of IRIS. Disseminated KS may warrant a 
      prompt response with chemotherapy to improve outcomes.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023, Ruzgas et al.
FAU - Ruzgas, Gabriele
AU  - Ruzgas G
AD  - Family and Community Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA.
FAU - Eshan, Shayet Hossain
AU  - Eshan SH
AD  - Internal Medicine, Ascension Saint Joseph - Chicago, Chicago, USA.
FAU - Ramanathan, Shrungavi
AU  - Ramanathan S
AD  - Internal Medicine, Ascension Saint Joseph - Chicago, Chicago, USA.
FAU - Gotimukul, Ashwini
AU  - Gotimukul A
AD  - Internal Medicine, Ascension Saint Joseph - Chicago, Chicago, USA.
FAU - Bodapati, Rohan K
AU  - Bodapati RK
AD  - Internal Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 
      Madison, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Case Reports
DEP - 20230210
PL  - United States
TA  - Cureus
JT  - Cureus
JID - 101596737
PMC - PMC10008384
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - antiretroviral therapies
OT  - art
OT  - disseminated kaposi sarcoma
OT  - doxorubicin
OT  - hiv
OT  - iris
OT  - kaposi sarcoma
OT  - pulmonary kaposi sarcoma
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2023/03/16 06:00
MHDA- 2023/03/16 06:01
PMCR- 2023/02/10
CRDT- 2023/03/15 01:47
PHST- 2023/02/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/03/15 01:47 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/03/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/03/16 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2023/02/10 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.7759/cureus.34832 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Cureus. 2023 Feb 10;15(2):e34832. doi: 10.7759/cureus.34832. eCollection 2023 
      Feb.