PMID- 36974327
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230329
IS  - 1178-7007 (Print)
IS  - 1178-7007 (Electronic)
IS  - 1178-7007 (Linking)
VI  - 16
DP  - 2023
TI  - Relationship Between Index of Cardiac Electrophysiological Balance, Frontal QRS-T 
      Angle and Retinopathy in People with Type 2 Diabetes.
PG  - 861-871
LID - 10.2147/DMSO.S403210 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is strongly associated with cardiovascular 
      disease, which is a risk factor for sudden cardiac death (SCD). The index of 
      cardiac electrophysiological balance (iCEB) and the frontal QRS-T angle are 
      recommended to predict the risk of ventricular arrhythmias more than other ECG 
      parameters. However, the relationships between these two markers and DR have not 
      yet been explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the variation in the 
      iCEB, corrected iCEB (iCEBc) and frontal QRS-T angle in different stages of DR 
      and determine whether there are associations between these markers and DR. 
      METHODS: The sample comprised 665 patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) 
      who were classified into three groups: no DR (NDR), mild to moderate 
      non-proliferative DR (NPDR), and vision-threatening DR (VTDR). Twelve-lead ECG 
      was performed and the QT, QTc, QRS duration, iCEB, iCEBc and frontal QRS-T angle 
      were recorded and compared across the groups. RESULTS: The VTDR group had a 
      significantly higher iCEBc and frontal QRS-T angle than the NDR and NPDR groups. 
      After controlling for confounding variables, the correlations between the iCEBc 
      (OR=2.217, 95% CI=1.464-3.358, P<0.001), frontal QRS-T angle (OR=1.017, 95% 
      CI=1.008-1.025, P<0.001) and DR risk remained (P<0.05). Subjects in the fourth 
      iCEBc quartile (adjusted OR=2.612, 95% CI=1.411-4.834, p=0.002) had a much higher 
      chance of developing DR compared to those in the first quartile. In comparison to 
      the first frontal QRS-T angle quartile, subjects in the third (adjusted OR=1.998, 
      95% CI=1.167-3.422, P=0.012) and fourth (adjusted OR=2.430, 95% CI=1.420-4.160, 
      P=0.001) frontal QRS-T angle quartiles had significantly greater risks of DR. 
      CONCLUSION: With the progression of DR, the iCEBc and frontal QRS-T angle 
      increase. An increased iCEBc and frontal QRS-T angle are associated with an 
      increased risk of DR.
CI  - (c) 2023 Zhang et al.
FAU - Zhang, Yi-Tong
AU  - Zhang YT
AUID- ORCID: 0009-0001-8193-6964
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical 
      University, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
FAU - Li, Hui-Yao
AU  - Li HY
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical 
      University, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
FAU - Sun, Xiao-Tong
AU  - Sun XT
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical 
      University, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
FAU - Tong, Xue-Wei
AU  - Tong XW
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical 
      University, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
FAU - Shan, Yong-Yan
AU  - Shan YY
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6594-1392
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical 
      University, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
FAU - Xu, Yu-Xin
AU  - Xu YX
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical 
      University, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
FAU - Pu, Sheng-Dan
AU  - Pu SD
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical 
      University, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
FAU - Gao, Xin-Yuan
AU  - Gao XY
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6837-9895
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical 
      University, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230321
PL  - New Zealand
TA  - Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes
JT  - Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy
JID - 101515585
PMC - PMC10039660
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - diabetic retinopathy
OT  - frontal QRS-T angle
OT  - iCEB
OT  - index of cardiac electrophysiological balance
OT  - type 2 diabetes mellitus
OT  - ventricular arrhythmia
COIS- The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.
EDAT- 2023/03/29 06:00
MHDA- 2023/03/29 06:01
PMCR- 2023/03/21
CRDT- 2023/03/28 01:58
PHST- 2022/12/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/03/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/03/29 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2023/03/28 01:58 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/03/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/03/21 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 403210 [pii]
AID - 10.2147/DMSO.S403210 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2023 Mar 21;16:861-871. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S403210. 
      eCollection 2023.