PMID- 36975601
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230330
IS  - 2079-9721 (Print)
IS  - 2079-9721 (Electronic)
IS  - 2079-9721 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 1
DP  - 2023 Mar 22
TI  - The Association of Combined Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Metals with 
      Allostatic Load Using Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression.
LID - 10.3390/diseases11010052 [doi]
LID - 52
AB  - Background/Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of exposure to 
      per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), a class of organic compounds utilized 
      in commercial and industrial applications, on allostatic load (AL), a measure of 
      chronic stress. PFAS, such as perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDE), perfluorononanoic 
      acid (PFNA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluoroundecanoic acid 
      (PFUA), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHS), 
      and metals, such as mercury (Hg), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), cesium 
      (Cs), molybdenum (Mo), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), thallium (TI), tungsten (W), and 
      uranium (U) were investigated. This research was performed to explore the effects 
      of combined exposure to PFAS and metals on AL, which may be a disease mediator. 
      Methods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 
      from 2007 to 2014 were used to conduct this study on persons aged 20 years and 
      older. A cumulative index of 10 biomarkers from the cardiovascular, inflammatory, 
      and metabolic systems was used to calculate AL out of 10. If the overall index 
      was >/= 3, an individual was considered to be chronically stressed (in a state of 
      AL). In order to assess the dose-response connections between mixtures and 
      outcomes and to limit the effects of multicollinearity and other potential 
      interaction effects between exposures, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) 
      was used. Results: The most significant positive trend between mixed PFAS and 
      metal exposure and AL was revealed by combined exposure to cesium, molybdenum, 
      PFHS, PFNA, and mercury (posterior inclusion probabilities, PIP = 1, 1, 0.854, 
      0.824, and 0.807, respectively). Conclusions: Combined exposure to metals and 
      PFAS increases the likelihood of being in a state of AL.
FAU - Bashir, Tahir
AU  - Bashir T
AD  - Department of Built Environment, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, 
      NC 27411, USA.
AD  - Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, North Carolina A&T State University, 
      Greensboro, NC 27411, USA.
FAU - Obeng-Gyasi, Emmanuel
AU  - Obeng-Gyasi E
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3195-706X
AD  - Department of Built Environment, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, 
      NC 27411, USA.
AD  - Environmental Health and Disease Laboratory, North Carolina A&T State University, 
      Greensboro, NC 27411, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230322
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Diseases
JT  - Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101636232
PMC - PMC10047702
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - BKMR
OT  - PFAS
OT  - allostatic load
OT  - metals
OT  - mixtures
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/03/29 06:00
MHDA- 2023/03/29 06:01
PMCR- 2023/03/22
CRDT- 2023/03/28 09:14
PHST- 2023/01/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/03/01 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/03/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/03/29 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2023/03/28 09:14 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/03/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/03/22 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - diseases11010052 [pii]
AID - diseases-11-00052 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/diseases11010052 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Diseases. 2023 Mar 22;11(1):52. doi: 10.3390/diseases11010052.