PMID- 36983543
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230331
IS  - 2309-608X (Electronic)
IS  - 2309-608X (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 3
DP  - 2023 Mar 19
TI  - Characterization of Aspartic Proteases from Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and 
      Their Role in Fungal Thermo-Dimorphism.
LID - 10.3390/jof9030375 [doi]
LID - 375
AB  - Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is the most prevalent systemic mycosis in Latin 
      America and is caused by fungi from the Paracoccidioides genus. The infection 
      begins after inhalation of the fungal propagules and their thermo-dimorphic shift 
      to yeast form. Proteases play an important role in the host invasion process and 
      immune modulation in many pathogenic microorganisms. Aspartyl proteases are 
      virulence factors in many human fungal pathogens that play an important role in 
      the host invasion process morphogenesis, cellular function, immunity, and 
      nutrition. In the present study, we characterized the modulation of acid 
      proteases from Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. We detected four aspartyl proteases 
      in P. brasiliensis with high homology to aspartic protease from Saccharomyces 
      cerevisiae Pep4. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Pepstatin A can inhibit 
      dimorphic switching (mycelium-->yeast) in P. brasiliensis. In addition, these genes 
      were modulated during thermo-dimorphism (M-->Y transition) in the presence or 
      absence of carbon and nitrogen sources and during growth at pH 4 during 24 and 48 
      h. We also observed that P. brasiliensis increase the secretion of aspartic 
      proteases when cultivated at pH 4, and these acid proteases cleave BSA, collagen, 
      and hemoglobin. These data suggest that aspartyl proteases are modulated by 
      environmental conditions and during fungal thermo-dimorphism. Thus, this work 
      brings new possibilities for studying the role of aspartyl proteases in the 
      host-pathogen relationship and P. brasiliensis biology.
FAU - Silva, Rafael de Souza
AU  - Silva RS
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4002-0634
AD  - Departamento Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de 
      Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil.
FAU - Segura, Wilson Dias
AU  - Segura WD
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1134-5760
AD  - Departamento Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de 
      Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil.
FAU - Oliveira, Reinaldo Souza
AU  - Oliveira RS
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2420-1563
AD  - Departamento de Ciencias Farmaceuticas, Instituto de Ciencias Ambientais, 
      Quimicas e Farmaceuticas, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Diadema 09913-030, 
      SP, Brazil.
FAU - Xander, Patricia
AU  - Xander P
AD  - Departamento de Ciencias Farmaceuticas, Instituto de Ciencias Ambientais, 
      Quimicas e Farmaceuticas, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Diadema 09913-030, 
      SP, Brazil.
FAU - Batista, Wagner Luiz
AU  - Batista WL
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0280-6828
AD  - Departamento Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de 
      Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil.
AD  - Departamento de Ciencias Farmaceuticas, Instituto de Ciencias Ambientais, 
      Quimicas e Farmaceuticas, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Diadema 09913-030, 
      SP, Brazil.
LA  - eng
GR  - 2020/14235-3/Sao Paulo Research Foundation/
GR  - 311008/2020-8/National Council for Scientific and Technological Development/
GR  - 2017/04592-0/Sao Paulo Research Foundation/
GR  - 167849/2018-2/National Council for Scientific and Technological Development/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230319
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - J Fungi (Basel)
JT  - Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101671827
PMC - PMC10053120
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Paracoccidioides
OT  - PbSap
OT  - aspartic protease
OT  - dimorphism
OT  - paracoccidioidomycosis
OT  - yapsin
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/03/30 06:00
MHDA- 2023/03/30 06:01
PMCR- 2023/03/19
CRDT- 2023/03/29 01:44
PHST- 2022/12/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/03/16 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/03/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/03/30 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2023/03/29 01:44 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/03/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/03/19 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - jof9030375 [pii]
AID - jof-09-00375 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/jof9030375 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - J Fungi (Basel). 2023 Mar 19;9(3):375. doi: 10.3390/jof9030375.