PMID- 36991722
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230330
LR  - 20230401
IS  - 1424-8220 (Electronic)
IS  - 1424-8220 (Linking)
VI  - 23
IP  - 6
DP  - 2023 Mar 10
TI  - Graphene Nanoribbon Field Effect Transistor Simulations for the Detection of 
      Sugar Molecules: Semi-Empirical Modeling.
LID - 10.3390/s23063010 [doi]
LID - 3010
AB  - Graphene has remarkable characteristics that make it a potential candidate for 
      optoelectronics and electronics applications. Graphene is a sensitive material 
      that reacts to any physical variation in its environment. Due to its extremely 
      low intrinsic electrical noise, graphene can detect even a single molecule in its 
      proximity. This feature makes graphene a potential candidate for identifying a 
      wide range of organic and inorganic compounds. Graphene and its derivatives are 
      considered one of the best materials to detect sugar molecules due to their 
      electronic properties. Graphene has low intrinsic noise, making it an ideal 
      membrane for detecting low concentrations of sugar molecules. In this work, a 
      graphene nanoribbon field effect transistor (GNR-FET) is designed and utilized to 
      identify sugar molecules such as fructose, xylose, and glucose. The variation in 
      the current of the GNR-FET in the presence of each of the sugar molecules is 
      utilized as the detection signal. The designed GNR-FET shows a clear change in 
      the device density of states, transmission spectrum, and current in the presence 
      of each of the sugar molecules. The simulated sensor is made of a pair of 
      metallic zigzag graphene nanoribbons (ZGNR) joint via a channel of armchair 
      graphene nanoribbon (AGNR) and a gate. The Quantumwise Atomistix Toolkit (ATK) is 
      used to design and conduct the nanoscale simulations of the GNR-FET. 
      Semi-empirical modeling, along with non-equilibrium Green's functional theory (SE 
      + NEGF), is used to develop and study the designed sensor. This article suggests 
      that the designed GNR transistor has the potential to identify each of the sugar 
      molecules in real time with high accuracy.
FAU - Wasfi, Asma
AU  - Wasfi A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3182-6684
AD  - Electrical and Communication Engineering Department, College of Engineering, 
      United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates.
FAU - Al Hamarna, Ahmed
AU  - Al Hamarna A
AUID- ORCID: 0009-0008-6562-8698
AD  - Electrical and Communication Engineering Department, College of Engineering, 
      United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates.
FAU - Al Shehhi, Omar Mohammed Hasani
AU  - Al Shehhi OMH
AD  - Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, College of Engineering, United 
      Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates.
FAU - Al Ameri, Hazza Fahad Muhsen
AU  - Al Ameri HFM
AD  - Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, College of Engineering, United 
      Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates.
FAU - Awwad, Falah
AU  - Awwad F
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6154-2143
AD  - Electrical and Communication Engineering Department, College of Engineering, 
      United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates.
LA  - eng
GR  - G00003921/United Arab Emirates University/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230310
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Sensors (Basel)
JT  - Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101204366
SB  - IM
PMC - PMC10051405
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - GNR-FET
OT  - fructose
OT  - glucose
OT  - graphene
OT  - non-equilibrium green's function (NEGF)
OT  - semi-empirical calculations
OT  - sensor
OT  - xylose
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/03/31 06:00
MHDA- 2023/03/31 06:01
PMCR- 2023/03/10
CRDT- 2023/03/30 01:02
PHST- 2023/01/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/02/26 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/03/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/03/31 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2023/03/30 01:02 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/03/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/03/10 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - s23063010 [pii]
AID - sensors-23-03010 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/s23063010 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sensors (Basel). 2023 Mar 10;23(6):3010. doi: 10.3390/s23063010.