PMID- 36998058 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230403 LR - 20240313 IS - 1758-9193 (Electronic) VI - 15 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Mar 30 TI - Different effects of cardiometabolic syndrome on brain age in relation to gender and ethnicity. PG - 68 LID - 10.1186/s13195-023-01215-8 [doi] LID - 68 AB - BACKGROUND: A growing body of evidence shows differences in the prevalence of cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) and dementia based on gender and ethnicity. However, there is a paucity of information about ethnic- and gender-specific CMS effects on brain age. We investigated the different effects of CMS on brain age by gender in Korean and British cognitively unimpaired (CU) populations. We also determined whether the gender-specific difference in the effects of CMS on brain age changes depending on ethnicity. METHODS: These analyses used de-identified, cross-sectional data on CU populations from Korea and United Kingdom (UK) that underwent brain MRI. After propensity score matching to balance the age and gender between the Korean and UK populations, 5759 Korean individuals (3042 males and 2717 females) and 9903 individuals from the UK (4736 males and 5167 females) were included in this study. Brain age index (BAI), calculated by the difference between the predicted brain age by the algorithm and the chronological age, was considered as main outcome and presence of CMS, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, obesity, and underweight was considered as a predictor. Gender (males and females) and ethnicity (Korean and UK) were considered as effect modifiers. RESULTS: The presence of T2DM and hypertension was associated with a higher BAI regardless of gender and ethnicity (p < 0.001), except for hypertension in Korean males (p = 0.309). Among Koreans, there were interaction effects of gender and the presence of T2DM (p for T2DM*gender = 0.035) and hypertension (p for hypertension*gender = 0.046) on BAI in Koreans, suggesting that T2DM and hypertension are each associated with a higher BAI in females than in males. In contrast, among individuals from the UK, there were no differences in the effects of T2DM (p for T2DM*gender = 0.098) and hypertension (p for hypertension*gender = 0.203) on BAI between males and females. CONCLUSIONS: Our results highlight gender and ethnic differences as important factors in mediating the effects of CMS on brain age. Furthermore, these results suggest that ethnic- and gender-specific prevention strategies may be needed to protect against accelerated brain aging. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Kang, Sung Hoon AU - Kang SH AD - Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. AD - Department of Neurology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Liu, Mengting AU - Liu M AD - School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China. AD - Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, USC Steven Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA. FAU - Park, Gilsoon AU - Park G AD - Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, USC Steven Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA. FAU - Kim, Sharon Y AU - Kim SY AD - Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, USC Steven Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA. FAU - Lee, Hyejoo AU - Lee H AD - Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Matloff, William AU - Matloff W AD - Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, USC Steven Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA. FAU - Zhao, Lu AU - Zhao L AD - Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, USC Steven Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA. FAU - Yoo, Heejin AU - Yoo H AD - Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Jun Pyo AU - Kim JP AD - Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Jang, Hyemin AU - Jang H AD - Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Hee Jin AU - Kim HJ AD - Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Jahanshad, Neda AU - Jahanshad N AD - Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, USC Steven Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA. FAU - Oh, Kyumgmi AU - Oh K AD - Department of Neurology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Koh, Seong-Beom AU - Koh SB AD - Department of Neurology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Na, Duk L AU - Na DL AD - Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Gallacher, John AU - Gallacher J AD - Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. FAU - Gottesman, Rebecca F AU - Gottesman RF AD - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. FAU - Seo, Sang Won AU - Seo SW AD - Departments of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. sw72.seo@samsung.com. AD - Department of Digital Health, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea. sw72.seo@samsung.com. AD - Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea. sw72.seo@samsung.com. AD - Alzheimer's Disease Convergence Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea. sw72.seo@samsung.com. AD - Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea. sw72.seo@samsung.com. FAU - Kim, Hosung AU - Kim H AD - Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, USC Steven Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA. LA - eng GR - P41 EB015922/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/United States GR - MR/T033371/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - R01 NS046432/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - U01 NS086090/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - P01 NS082330/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 HD072074/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AG024904/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States GR - U54 EB020406/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/United States GR - P50 NS035902/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230330 PL - England TA - Alzheimers Res Ther JT - Alzheimer's research & therapy JID - 101511643 SB - IM MH - Male MH - Female MH - Humans MH - *Metabolic Syndrome/diagnostic imaging/epidemiology MH - *Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 MH - Ethnicity MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - *Hypertension/diagnostic imaging/epidemiology MH - Brain/diagnostic imaging MH - Risk Factors PMC - PMC10061789 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Brain age OT - Cardiometabolic syndrome OT - Ethnicity OT - Gender COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/03/31 06:00 MHDA- 2023/04/03 06:41 PMCR- 2023/03/30 CRDT- 2023/03/30 23:42 PHST- 2022/12/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/03/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/04/03 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2023/03/30 23:42 [entrez] PHST- 2023/03/31 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s13195-023-01215-8 [pii] AID - 1215 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13195-023-01215-8 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Alzheimers Res Ther. 2023 Mar 30;15(1):68. doi: 10.1186/s13195-023-01215-8.