PMID- 36998073 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230403 IS - 2045-3701 (Print) IS - 2045-3701 (Electronic) IS - 2045-3701 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 1 DP - 2023 Mar 30 TI - N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors induce M1 polarization of macrophages: Feasibility of targeted imaging in inflammatory response in vivo. PG - 69 LID - 10.1186/s13578-023-01007-5 [doi] LID - 69 AB - BACKGROUND: N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are considered to be involved in several physiological and pathophysiological processes in addition to the progression of neurological disorders. However, how NMDARs are involved in the glycolytic phenotype of M1 macrophage polarization and the possibility of using them as a bio-imaging probe for macrophage-mediated inflammation remain unclear. METHODS: We analyzed cellular responses to NMDAR antagonism and small interfering RNAs using mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). An NMDAR targeting imaging probe, N-TIP, was produced via the introduction of NMDAR antibody and the infrared fluorescent dye FSD Fluor 647. N-TIP binding efficiency was tested in intact and LPS-stimulated BMDMs. N-TIP was intravenously administered to mice with carrageenan (CG)- and LPS-induced paw edema, and in vivo fluorescence imaging was conducted. The anti-inflammatory effects of dexamethasone were evaluated using the N-TIP-mediated macrophage imaging technique. RESULTS: NMDARs were overexpressed in LPS-treated macrophages, subsequently inducing M1 macrophage polarization. Mechanistically, NMDAR-mediated Ca(2+) accumulation resulted in LPS-stimulated glycolysis via upregulation of PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 signaling. In vivo fluorescence imaging with N-TIP showed LPS- and CG-induced inflamed lesions at 5 h post-inflammation, and the inflamed lesions could be detected until 24 h. Furthermore, our N-TIP-mediated macrophage imaging technique helped successfully visualize the anti-inflammatory effects of dexamethasone in mice with inflammation. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that NMDAR-mediated glycolysis plays a critical role in M1 macrophage-related inflammation. Moreover, our results suggest that NMDAR targeting imaging probe may be useful in research on inflammatory response in vivo. CI - (c) 2023. The Author(s). FAU - Jeon, Hui-Jeon AU - Jeon HJ AD - New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (KMEDIhub), 80 Chembok-Ro, Daegu, 41061, South Korea. FAU - Byun, Jun-Kyu AU - Byun JK AD - BK21 FOUR Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea. FAU - Lee, Sang Bong AU - Lee SB AD - THERABEST, Co., Ltd, 06657, Seoul, South Korea. FAU - Son, Kwang Hee AU - Son KH AD - Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (KMEDIhub), 41061, Daegu, South Korea. FAU - Lim, Ji-Youn AU - Lim JY AD - New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (KMEDIhub), 80 Chembok-Ro, Daegu, 41061, South Korea. FAU - Lee, Da Sol AU - Lee DS AD - Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (KMEDIhub), 41061, Daegu, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Kil Soo AU - Kim KS AD - Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (KMEDIhub), 41061, Daegu, South Korea. AD - College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea. FAU - Park, Jin Woo AU - Park JW AD - BioActs.Co., Ltd., 21666, Incheon, South Korea. FAU - Shin, Gyeong Rim AU - Shin GR AD - BioActs.Co., Ltd., 21666, Incheon, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Ye Jin AU - Kim YJ AD - Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 41944, South Korea. AD - Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea. FAU - Jin, Jonghwa AU - Jin J AD - Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 41944, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Daehoon AU - Kim D AD - Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea. FAU - Kim, Dong-Ho AU - Kim DH AD - Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea. FAU - Yu, Ji Hoon AU - Yu JH AD - New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (KMEDIhub), 80 Chembok-Ro, Daegu, 41061, South Korea. FAU - Choi, Yeon-Kyung AU - Choi YK AD - Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea. ykchoi@knu.ac.kr. AD - Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, 41404, South Korea. ykchoi@knu.ac.kr. FAU - Park, Keun-Gyu AU - Park KG AD - Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 41944, South Korea. kpark@knu.ac.kr. AD - Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea. kpark@knu.ac.kr. AD - Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea. kpark@knu.ac.kr. FAU - Jeon, Yong Hyun AU - Jeon YH AD - Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (KMEDIhub), 41061, Daegu, South Korea. jeon9014@dgmif.re.kr. AD - Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 41404, South Korea. jeon9014@dgmif.re.kr. LA - eng GR - 2017R1D1A1B03028340/National Research Foundation of Korea/ GR - 2019R1F1A1057906/National Research Foundation of Korea/ GR - 2020R1A5A2017323/National Research Foundation of Korea/ GR - 2021R1C1C2003405/National Research Foundation of Korea/ GR - 2021R1A2C3005603/Korea National Sport University/ GR - HI16C1501/Ministry of Health and Welfare/ GR - HI15C0001/Ministry of Health and Welfare/ GR - HI19C0760/Ministry of Health and Welfare/ GR - 2022R1A2C100859111/National research foundation of korea/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230330 PL - England TA - Cell Biosci JT - Cell & bioscience JID - 101561195 PMC - PMC10064586 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antibody-mediated imaging OT - Inflammation OT - Macrophage OT - N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors OT - Near-infrared fluorescent COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/03/31 06:00 MHDA- 2023/03/31 06:01 PMCR- 2023/03/30 CRDT- 2023/03/30 23:43 PHST- 2022/05/18 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/03/06 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/03/31 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2023/03/30 23:43 [entrez] PHST- 2023/03/31 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/03/30 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1186/s13578-023-01007-5 [pii] AID - 1007 [pii] AID - 10.1186/s13578-023-01007-5 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Cell Biosci. 2023 Mar 30;13(1):69. doi: 10.1186/s13578-023-01007-5.