PMID- 37004775
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230516
LR  - 20230516
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 879
DP  - 2023 Jun 25
TI  - Source apportionment of fine particulate matter at a megacity in China, using an 
      improved regularization supervised PMF model.
PG  - 163198
LID - S0048-9697(23)01817-X [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163198 [doi]
AB  - The source apportionment of particulate matter plays an important role in solving 
      the atmospheric particulate pollution. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) is a 
      widely used source apportionment model. At present, high resolution online 
      datasets are increasingly rich, but acquiring accurate and timely source 
      apportionment results is still challenging. Integrating prior knowledge into 
      modelling process is an effective solution and can yield reliable results. This 
      study proposed an improved source apportionment method for the regularization 
      supervised PMF model (RSPMF). This method leveraged actual source profile to 
      guide factor profile for rapidly and automatically identifying source categories 
      and quantifying source contributions. The results showed that the factor profile 
      from RSPMF could be interpreted as seven factors and approach to actual source 
      profile. Average source contributions were also an agreement between RSPMF and 
      EPAPMF, including secondary nitrate (26 %, 27 %), secondary sulfate (23 %, 24 %), 
      coal combustion (18 %, 18 %), vehicle exhaust (15 %, 15 %), biomass burning 
      (10 %, 9 %), dust (5 %, 4 %), industrial emission (3 %, 3 %). The solutions of 
      RSPMF also exhibited good generalizability during different episodes. This study 
      reveals the superiority of supervised model, this model embeds prior knowledge 
      into modelling process to guide model for obtaining more reliable results.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Xu, Bo
AU  - Xu B
AD  - State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate 
      Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban 
      Transport Emission Research, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, 
      Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China; CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for 
      Atmospheric Environment-Health Research (CLAER), College of Environmental Science 
      and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China.
FAU - Xu, Han
AU  - Xu H
AD  - State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate 
      Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban 
      Transport Emission Research, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, 
      Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China; CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for 
      Atmospheric Environment-Health Research (CLAER), College of Environmental Science 
      and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China.
FAU - Zhao, Huan
AU  - Zhao H
AD  - State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate 
      Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban 
      Transport Emission Research, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, 
      Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China; CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for 
      Atmospheric Environment-Health Research (CLAER), College of Environmental Science 
      and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China.
FAU - Gao, Jie
AU  - Gao J
AD  - State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate 
      Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban 
      Transport Emission Research, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, 
      Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China; CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for 
      Atmospheric Environment-Health Research (CLAER), College of Environmental Science 
      and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China.
FAU - Liang, Danni
AU  - Liang D
AD  - Air Pollution Control Technology Development and Industrialization Center, 
      College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 
      300350, PR China.
FAU - Li, Yue
AU  - Li Y
AD  - College of Computer Science, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China.
FAU - Wang, Wei
AU  - Wang W
AD  - College of Computer Science, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China.
FAU - Feng, Yinchang
AU  - Feng Y
AD  - State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate 
      Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban 
      Transport Emission Research, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, 
      Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China; CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for 
      Atmospheric Environment-Health Research (CLAER), College of Environmental Science 
      and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China.
FAU - Shi, Guoliang
AU  - Shi G
AD  - State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate 
      Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Urban 
      Transport Emission Research, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, 
      Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China; CMA-NKU Cooperative Laboratory for 
      Atmospheric Environment-Health Research (CLAER), College of Environmental Science 
      and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China. Electronic address: 
      nksgl@nankai.edu.cn.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230401
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
SB  - IM
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Independent component analysis
OT  - Prior knowledge
OT  - Regularization supervision
OT  - Source apportionment
OT  - Weighted alternating
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2023/04/03 06:00
MHDA- 2023/04/03 06:01
CRDT- 2023/04/02 19:21
PHST- 2023/02/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/03/27 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/03/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/04/03 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2023/04/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/04/02 19:21 [entrez]
AID - S0048-9697(23)01817-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163198 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2023 Jun 25;879:163198. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163198. 
      Epub 2023 Apr 1.