PMID- 37014591
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230705
LR  - 20230706
IS  - 1996-9805 (Electronic)
IS  - 1818-6300 (Print)
IS  - 1818-6300 (Linking)
VI  - 24
IP  - 3
DP  - 2023 Jun
TI  - Remineralization potential of phosphorylated chitosan and silver diamine fluoride 
      in comparison to sodium fluoride varnish: invitro study.
PG  - 327-334
LID - 10.1007/s40368-023-00794-2 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the 
      remineralization potential of phosphorylated chitosan nanoparticles (Pchi) and 
      silver diamine fluoride (SDF) compared to sodium fluoride varnish (NaF) on 
      microhardness of artificial carious lesions in a biomimetic minimally invasive 
      approach that is being regarded as the future of preventive dentistry. METHODS: 
      The sample size included 40 intact extracted maxillary anterior human teeth. 
      Baseline microhardness was recorded using Vickers hardness test and 
      energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Artificial caries-like lesions were 
      created on the exposed enamel by suspending all teeth in demineralizing solution 
      for 10 days in a temperature of 37  degrees C and then the hardness and EDX were 
      remeasured. Samples were then divided into four main groups: Group A (positive 
      control group) n = 10, treated with NaF, Group B n = 10, treated with SDF, Group 
      C n = 10, treated with Pchi and Group D (negative control group) n = 10 that 
      received no treatment. After treatment, samples were incubated in artificial 
      saliva solution at 37  degrees C in for 10 days and then reassessed. Data were then 
      recorded, tabulated, and statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test and 
      Wilcoxon signed test. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to analyze the 
      morphological changes of enamel surface after treatment. RESULTS: Groups B and C 
      showed the highest calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) content as well as hardness 
      values, while group B had the highest percentage of fluoride. SEM revealed a 
      smooth layer of mineral formed on the surface of enamel for both groups. 
      CONCLUSION: Pchi and SDF showed the highest increase in enamel microhardness and 
      remineralization potential. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The minimally invasive approach 
      for remineralization could be enhanced using SDF and Pchi.
CI  - (c) 2023. The Author(s).
FAU - Mohamed, Y
AU  - Mohamed Y
AD  - Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ahram Canadian University, 
      Giza, Egypt.
FAU - Ashraf, R
AU  - Ashraf R
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8741-8853
AD  - Prosthetic Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Salman International 
      University, El Tur, South Sinai, Egypt. reem.ashraf@ksiu.edu.eg.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230404
PL  - England
TA  - Eur Arch Paediatr Dent
JT  - European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European 
      Academy of Paediatric Dentistry
JID - 101277157
RN  - 8ZYQ1474W7 (Sodium Fluoride)
RN  - DDU19UEV1Y (silver diamine fluoride)
RN  - 0 (Fluorides, Topical)
RN  - 9012-76-4 (Chitosan)
RN  - 9NEZ333N27 (Sodium)
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - Sodium Fluoride/chemistry/therapeutic use
MH  - Fluorides, Topical
MH  - *Chitosan
MH  - *Dental Caries/prevention & control
MH  - Sodium
MH  - Tooth Remineralization/methods
PMC - PMC10317901
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Biomimetic enamel remineralization
OT  - Enamel microhardness
OT  - Phosphorylated chitosan
OT  - Scanning electron microscopy
OT  - Silver diamine fluoride
COIS- Authors declare that there is no conflict of interest in this study
EDAT- 2023/04/05 06:00
MHDA- 2023/07/05 06:42
PMCR- 2023/04/04
CRDT- 2023/04/04 11:22
PHST- 2022/11/17 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/03/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/07/05 06:42 [medline]
PHST- 2023/04/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/04/04 11:22 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/04/04 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1007/s40368-023-00794-2 [pii]
AID - 794 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s40368-023-00794-2 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2023 Jun;24(3):327-334. doi: 10.1007/s40368-023-00794-2. 
      Epub 2023 Apr 4.