PMID- 37033346
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230411
IS  - 2219-6803 (Electronic)
IS  - 2218-676X (Print)
IS  - 2218-676X (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 3
DP  - 2023 Mar 31
TI  - Development and validation of nomograms to predict early death in non-small cell 
      lung cancer patients with brain metastasis: a retrospective study in the SEER 
      database.
PG  - 473-489
LID - 10.21037/tcr-22-2323 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Throughout the course of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a lot of 
      patients would develop brain metastasis (BM) associated with the poor prognosis 
      and high rate of mortality. However, there have been few models to predict early 
      death (ED) from NSCLC patients with BM. We aimed to develop nomograms to predict 
      ED in NSCLC patients with BM. METHODS: The NSCLC patients with BM between 2010 
      and 2015 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) 
      database. Our inclusion criteria were as follows: (I) patients were 
      pathologically diagnosed as NSCLC; (II) patients who suffered from BM. The 
      patients were randomly divided into 2 cohorts at the ratio of 7:3, for training 
      and validation cohorts, respectively. The univariate and multivariate logistic 
      regression methods were managed to identify risk factors for ED in NSCLC patients 
      with BM. Two nomograms were established and validated by calibration curves, 
      receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and decision curve analysis 
      (DCA). The follow-up data included survival months, causes of death, vital 
      status. Death that occurred within 3 months of initial diagnosis is defined as ED 
      and the endpoints were all-cause ED and cancer-specific ED. RESULTS: A total of 
      4,920 NSCLC patients with BM were included and randomly divided into 2 cohorts 
      (7:3), including the training (n=3,444) and validation (n=1,476) cohorts. The 
      independent prognostic factors for all-cause ED and cancer-specific ED included 
      age, sex, race, tumor size, histology, T stage, N stage, grade, surgical 
      operation, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, bone metastasis, and liver metastasis. All 
      these variables were used to establish the nomograms. In the nomograms of 
      all-cause and cancer-specific ED, the areas under the ROC curves were 0.813 (95% 
      CI: 0.799-0.837) and 0.808 (95% CI: 0.791-0.830) for the training dataset as well 
      as 0.835 (95% CI: 0.805-0.862) and 0.824 (95% CI: 0.790-0.849) for the validation 
      dataset, respectively. Besides, the calibration curves proved that the predicted 
      ED was consistent with the actual value. DCA suggested a good clinical 
      application. CONCLUSIONS: The nomograms can be used to predict the specific 
      probability of a patient's death, which aids in treatment decisions and focused 
      care, as well as in physician-patient communication.
CI  - 2023 Translational Cancer Research. All rights reserved.
FAU - Yang, Feng
AU  - Yang F
AD  - Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, China Rehabilitation 
      Research Center, Rehabilitation School of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 
      China.
FAU - Gao, Lianjun
AU  - Gao L
AD  - Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, China Rehabilitation 
      Research Center, Rehabilitation School of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 
      China.
FAU - Wang, Qimin
AU  - Wang Q
AD  - Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, China Rehabilitation 
      Research Center, Rehabilitation School of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 
      China.
FAU - Gao, Wei
AU  - Gao W
AD  - Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, China Rehabilitation 
      Research Center, Rehabilitation School of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 
      China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230321
PL  - China
TA  - Transl Cancer Res
JT  - Translational cancer research
JID - 101585958
PMC - PMC10080322
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
OT  - Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) database
OT  - brain metastasis (BM)
OT  - early death (ED)
OT  - nomogram
COIS- Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure 
      form (available at 
      https://tcr.amegroups.com/article/view/10.21037/tcr-22-2323/coif). The authors 
      have no conflicts of interest to declare.
EDAT- 2023/04/11 06:00
MHDA- 2023/04/11 06:01
PMCR- 2023/03/31
CRDT- 2023/04/10 03:52
PHST- 2022/09/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/02/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/04/11 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2023/04/10 03:52 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/04/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/03/31 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - tcr-12-03-473 [pii]
AID - 10.21037/tcr-22-2323 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Transl Cancer Res. 2023 Mar 31;12(3):473-489. doi: 10.21037/tcr-22-2323. Epub 
      2023 Mar 21.