PMID- 37037134
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230514
LR  - 20230514
IS  - 1872-9800 (Electronic)
IS  - 0969-8043 (Linking)
VI  - 197
DP  - 2023 Jul
TI  - Gamma-ray attenuation parameters of HDPE filled with different nano-size and Bulk 
      WO(3).
PG  - 110790
LID - S0969-8043(23)00143-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110790 [doi]
AB  - High-density polyethylene (HDPE) was obtained through a compression molding 
      technique, and incorporated with different filler weight fractions (0, 10, 15, 
      25, and 35%) of bulk WO(3), and two different WO(3) nanoparticle sizes (45 nm and 
      24 nm). The radiation attenuation ability of the new category of polymer 
      composite HDPE/WO(3) was evaluated using gamma-ray energies ranging from 59.53 up 
      to 1332.5keV of four radioactive sources (241)Am, (133)Ba, (137)Cs, and (60)Co. 
      The mass attenuation coefficients mu(m), the total molecular cross-section sigma(mol), 
      the effective atomic cross-section sigma(atom), the total electronic cross-section 
      sigma(el), the effective atomic number Z(eff), electron density N(eff), the half 
      value layer (HVL), the tenth value layer (TVL), and the relaxation length were 
      investigated. The obtained results of the gamma-ray attenuation parameters 
      exhibited an outstanding influence of the size and weight fraction of WO(3) 
      filler on the gamma-ray shielding ability of the HDPE composite. A significant 
      improvement was detected at low gamma-ray energies. The HVL of the synthesized 
      HDPE composites is compared with that of pure lead as a conventional shielding 
      material. HDPE composite filled with the smaller size of WO(3) nanoparticle shows 
      good improvement in the attenuation parameters, which suggests promising 
      applications in radiation protection and gamma-ray shielding.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Gouda, Mona M
AU  - Gouda MM
AD  - Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
FAU - Obeid, Amro
AU  - Obeid A
AD  - Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, 
      Lebanon; Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission, National Council for Scientific 
      Research, Beirut, Lebanon. Electronic address: a.obeid@cnrs.edu.lb.
FAU - Awad, Ramadan
AU  - Awad R
AD  - Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, 
      Lebanon.
FAU - Badawi, Mohamed S
AU  - Badawi MS
AD  - Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; 
      Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, 
      Lebanon.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230406
PL  - England
TA  - Appl Radiat Isot
JT  - Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for 
      use in agriculture, industry and medicine
JID - 9306253
SB  - IM
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Attenuation parameters and radiation protection
OT  - HDPE Composites
OT  - WO(3) nanoparticles
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2023/04/11 06:00
MHDA- 2023/04/11 06:01
CRDT- 2023/04/10 18:03
PHST- 2023/01/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/03/18 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/03/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/04/11 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2023/04/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/04/10 18:03 [entrez]
AID - S0969-8043(23)00143-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110790 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Appl Radiat Isot. 2023 Jul;197:110790. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110790. Epub 
      2023 Apr 6.