PMID- 37076908
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230421
LR  - 20230422
IS  - 1746-6148 (Electronic)
IS  - 1746-6148 (Linking)
VI  - 19
IP  - 1
DP  - 2023 Apr 19
TI  - Nutritional and immunological evaluation of Nannochloropsis oculata as a 
      potential Nile tilapia-aquafeed supplement.
PG  - 65
LID - 10.1186/s12917-023-03618-z [doi]
LID - 65
AB  - Nannochloropsis oculata (N. oculata) is a marine microalga containing bioactive 
      compounds and a high omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (omega-3 PUFAs). Therefore, 
      it is very promising for nutraceutical and the functional food industry 
      applications. Three groups of Nile tilapia (forty-five fish/group) were fed on 
      basal diets or diets containing 5% (N5) or 10% (N10) of the microalga N. oculata 
      for seven weeks. Fish growth performance, proximate composition, and lipid (fatty 
      acids/ FAs and lipoproteins) profile were estimated. In addition, the expression 
      pattern of some lipid metabolism and immune-relevant genes were assessed. An 
      enhancement in whole body crude protein and growth indices of Nile tilapia was 
      observed on both the supplemented groups N5 and N10. Higher levels of 
      high-density lipoproteins (HDL); and lower levels of the low-density lipoproteins 
      (LDL) were evident in both supplemented groups, while the cholesterol and 
      triglycerides (TG) levels were similar among groups. Omega-3 PUFAs were the 
      significant FAs profile of tilapia fed on N. oculata-supplemented diets in terms 
      of eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and n3/n6 ratio. Concerning the 
      gene expression pattern, heat-shock protein70, glutathione-S-transferase, 
      glutathione peroxidase, and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) were elevated significantly in 
      both supplemented groups. IL-10 is only upregulated in the N10 group. The lipid 
      metabolism-related gene expression showed downregulation of only fatty acid 
      synthase (FAS) in both supplemented groups, with no statistical changes in 
      Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha 
      (TNF-alpha), Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), and the apoptotic related genes 
      [caspase3 and Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)] showed insignificant 
      changes among groups. The histopathological examination of the intestine, liver, 
      and spleen supports our findings and confirms the benefits and safeness of N. 
      oculata dietary inclusion. Collectively, N. oculata is a very promising 
      nutraceutical for improving fish health and sustainability of aquaculture 
      production.
CI  - (c) 2023. The Author(s).
FAU - Zahran, Eman
AU  - Zahran E
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2212-3688
AD  - Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura 
      University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt. emanzahran@mans.edu.eg.
FAU - Elbahnaswy, Samia
AU  - Elbahnaswy S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1414-9407
AD  - Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura 
      University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
FAU - Ahmed, Fatma
AU  - Ahmed F
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2767-2010
AD  - Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt.
FAU - Ibrahim, Iman
AU  - Ibrahim I
AD  - Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, 
      Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
FAU - Khaled, Asmaa A
AU  - Khaled AA
AD  - Animal and Fish Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, 
      Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
FAU - Eldessouki, Elsayed A
AU  - Eldessouki EA
AD  - Department of Fish Health and Diseases, Faculty of Fish Resources, Suez 
      University, Suez, Egypt.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230419
PL  - England
TA  - BMC Vet Res
JT  - BMC veterinary research
JID - 101249759
RN  - 0 (Fatty Acids, Omega-3)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Cichlids
MH  - Dietary Supplements
MH  - Diet/veterinary
MH  - *Fatty Acids, Omega-3
MH  - *Tilapia
MH  - Animal Feed/analysis
PMC - PMC10114411
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Fatty acids
OT  - Fish
OT  - Growth
OT  - Histomorphology
OT  - Immunity
OT  - Microalgae
COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or 
      personal relationships that could have influenced the work reported in this 
      paper.
EDAT- 2023/04/20 00:41
MHDA- 2023/04/21 06:41
PMCR- 2023/04/19
CRDT- 2023/04/19 23:59
PHST- 2022/07/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/04/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/04/21 06:41 [medline]
PHST- 2023/04/20 00:41 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/04/19 23:59 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/04/19 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s12917-023-03618-z [pii]
AID - 3618 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s12917-023-03618-z [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Vet Res. 2023 Apr 19;19(1):65. doi: 10.1186/s12917-023-03618-z.