PMID- 37103518
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230913
LR  - 20230922
IS  - 1432-1912 (Electronic)
IS  - 0028-1298 (Linking)
VI  - 396
IP  - 10
DP  - 2023 Oct
TI  - Effect of saffron, black seed, and their main constituents on inflammatory 
      cytokine response (mainly TNF-alpha) and oxidative stress status: an aspect on 
      pharmacological insights.
PG  - 2241-2259
LID - 10.1007/s00210-023-02501-w [doi]
AB  - Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), an inflammatory cytokine, is produced by 
      monocytes and macrophages. It is known as a 'double-edged sword' because it is 
      responsible for advantageous and disadvantageous events in the body system. The 
      unfavorable incident includes inflammation, which induces some diseases such as 
      rheumatoid arthritis, obesity, cancer, and diabetes. Many medicinal plants have 
      been found to prevent inflammation, such as saffron (Crocus sativus L.) and black 
      seed (Nigella sativa). Therefore, the purpose of this review was to assess the 
      pharmacological effects of saffron and black seed on TNF-alpha and diseases related 
      to its imbalance. Different databases without time limitations were investigated 
      up to 2022, including PubMed, Scopus, Medline, and Web of Science. All the 
      original articles (in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies) were collected on the 
      effects of black seed and saffron on TNF-alpha. Black seed and saffron have 
      therapeutic effects against many disorders, such as hepatotoxicity, cancer, 
      ischemia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver, by decreasing TNF-alpha levels based on 
      their anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antioxidant properties. Saffron and 
      black seed can treat a variety of diseases by suppressing TNF-alpha and exhibiting a 
      variety of activities such as neuroprotective, gastroprotective, 
      immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, analgesic, antitussive, bronchodilator, 
      antidiabetic activity, anticancer, and antioxidant effects. To uncover the 
      beneficial underlying mechanisms of black seed and saffron, more clinical trials 
      and phytochemical research are required. Also, these two plants affect other 
      inflammatory cytokines, hormones, and enzymes, implying that they could be used 
      to treat a variety of diseases.
CI  - (c) 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, 
      part of Springer Nature.
FAU - Vafaeipour, Zeinab
AU  - Vafaeipour Z
AD  - Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 
      Iran.
AD  - Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad 
      University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
FAU - Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar, Mahboobeh
AU  - Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar M
AD  - Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad 
      University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
FAU - Hosseinzadeh, Hossein
AU  - Hosseinzadeh H
AD  - Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad 
      University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. hosseinzadehh@mums.ac.ir.
AD  - Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad 
      University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. hosseinzadehh@mums.ac.ir.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20230427
PL  - Germany
TA  - Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol
JT  - Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology
JID - 0326264
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Antioxidants)
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
MH  - *Crocus/chemistry/metabolism
MH  - Plant Extracts/chemistry
MH  - Cytokines/analysis
MH  - *Nigella sativa/chemistry/metabolism
MH  - Antioxidants/pharmacology/therapeutic use
MH  - Oxidative Stress
MH  - Inflammation/drug therapy
MH  - Seeds
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Antioxidants
OT  - Crocus
OT  - Cytokines
OT  - Nigella sativa
OT  - Phytochemicals
OT  - Tumor Necrosis Factors
EDAT- 2023/04/27 12:41
MHDA- 2023/09/13 06:41
CRDT- 2023/04/27 11:05
PHST- 2022/12/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/04/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/09/13 06:41 [medline]
PHST- 2023/04/27 12:41 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/04/27 11:05 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s00210-023-02501-w [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s00210-023-02501-w [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2023 Oct;396(10):2241-2259. doi: 
      10.1007/s00210-023-02501-w. Epub 2023 Apr 27.