PMID- 37113189
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230430
IS  - 1756-283X (Print)
IS  - 1756-2848 (Electronic)
IS  - 1756-283X (Linking)
VI  - 16
DP  - 2023
TI  - Gastrointestinal injury induced by immunomodulators: A review article.
PG  - 17562848231158549
LID - 10.1177/17562848231158549 [doi]
LID - 17562848231158549
AB  - An increasing number of immunomodulators, either anti-inflammatory or 
      immunity-enhancing, have brought about a revolutionary effect in the management 
      of a variety of autoimmune disorders and malignancies. However, their ability to 
      cause gastrointestinal (GI) injury and induce GI symptoms has been increasingly 
      and unexpectedly recognized. GI injury associated with immunomodulators may 
      demonstrate various histologic and endoscopic patterns. Optimal diagnosis and 
      treatment require a multidisciplinary approach. This review aims to provide an 
      overview of the literature on its pathogenesis, the clinical, endoscopic, and 
      histologic features, and suggested approaches to manage these newly recognized 
      immunomodulator-induced GI adverse effects (AEs). We also reviewed current 
      biomarkers predictive of GI toxicity and potential risk factors to identify 
      susceptible patients. In addition, these immune-mediated AEs were compared with 
      inflammatory bowel disease, a well-documented form of inflammation-driven GI 
      injury. We hope this review will raise awareness and vigilance among clinicians 
      of these entities to increase early diagnosis and rapid referral to specialist 
      care.
CI  - (c) The Author(s), 2023.
FAU - Zhang, Pingxin
AU  - Zhang P
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9064-9174
AD  - Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
FAU - Mao, Ren
AU  - Mao R
AD  - Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
FAU - Zhang, Chuhan
AU  - Zhang C
AD  - Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
FAU - Qiu, Yun
AU  - Qiu Y
AD  - Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510080, P.R. 
      China.
FAU - Chen, Minhu
AU  - Chen M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8181-0846
AD  - Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20230417
PL  - England
TA  - Therap Adv Gastroenterol
JT  - Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology
JID - 101478893
PMC - PMC10126616
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - adverse effects
OT  - colitis
OT  - gastrointestinal tract injury
OT  - immunomodulators
COIS- The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/04/28 06:41
MHDA- 2023/04/28 06:42
PMCR- 2023/04/17
CRDT- 2023/04/28 02:24
PHST- 2022/06/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/02/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/04/28 06:42 [medline]
PHST- 2023/04/28 06:41 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/04/28 02:24 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/04/17 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1177_17562848231158549 [pii]
AID - 10.1177/17562848231158549 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Therap Adv Gastroenterol. 2023 Apr 17;16:17562848231158549. doi: 
      10.1177/17562848231158549. eCollection 2023.