PMID- 37114194
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230430
IS  - 1939-795X (Print)
IS  - 1939-795X (Electronic)
IS  - 1939-795X (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 2
DP  - 2023
TI  - Astaxanthin Reduces Heart Rate and Carbohydrate Oxidation Rates During Exercise 
      in Overweight Individuals.
PG  - 252-266
AB  - Astaxanthin (AX) is an antioxidant which may spare endogenous carbohydrates and 
      improve fat oxidation rates, thus improving metabolic flexibility. To date, no 
      studies have attempted to examine the impact of AX in an overweight cohort, whom 
      often suffer from metabolic inflexibility. Nineteen subjects (mean +/- SD: age: 
      27.5 +/- 6.3 years; height: 169.7 +/- 9.0 cm; body mass: 96.4 +/- 17.9 kg; BF%: 37.9 +/- 
      7.0%; BMI: 33.4 +/- 5.6 kg/m(2); VO(2peak): 25.9 +/- 6.7 ml.kg(-1).min(-1)) were 
      recruited and supplemented with either 12 mg of AX or placebo (PLA) for 4 weeks. 
      Subjects completed a graded exercise test on a cycling ergometer to examine 
      changes in substrate oxidation rates. A total of 5 stages, each lasting 5 min and 
      resistance increased 15 W each stage, were completed to examine changes in levels 
      of glucose and lactate, fat and carbohydrate (CHO) oxidation rates, heart rate, 
      and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Although there were no changes found in 
      rates of fat oxidation, blood lactate or glucose, or RPE (all p > 0.05), a 
      significant decrease was observed in CHO oxidation from pre to post 
      supplementation in the AX group only. Further, the AX group demonstrated a 7% 
      decrease in heart rate across the graded exercise test. These findings suggest 
      that 4 weeks of AX supplementation may offer some cardiometabolic benefits to 
      overweight individuals, and be a favorable supplement for these individuals 
      beginning an exercise program.
FAU - Wika, Alissa A
AU  - Wika AA
AD  - Human Performance Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of 
      North Alabama, Florence, AL 35632.
FAU - Reason, Kyle W
AU  - Reason KW
AD  - Human Performance Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of 
      North Alabama, Florence, AL 35632.
FAU - Green, James M
AU  - Green JM
AD  - Human Performance Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of 
      North Alabama, Florence, AL 35632.
FAU - Killen, Lauren G
AU  - Killen LG
AD  - Human Performance Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of 
      North Alabama, Florence, AL 35632.
FAU - McAllister, Matthew J
AU  - McAllister MJ
AD  - Metabolic & Applied Physiology Laboratory, Department of Health & Human 
      Performance, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666.
FAU - Waldman, Hunter S
AU  - Waldman HS
AD  - Human Performance Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of 
      North Alabama, Florence, AL 35632.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230201
PL  - United States
TA  - Int J Exerc Sci
JT  - International journal of exercise science
JID - 101513127
PMC - PMC10124739
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Substrate oxidation
OT  - lactate
OT  - metabolic flexibility
OT  - supplement
EDAT- 2023/04/28 06:41
MHDA- 2023/04/28 06:42
PMCR- 2023/02/01
CRDT- 2023/04/28 02:40
PHST- 2023/04/28 06:42 [medline]
PHST- 2023/04/28 06:41 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/04/28 02:40 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ijes-16-2-252 [pii]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Exerc Sci. 2023 Feb 1;16(2):252-266. eCollection 2023.