PMID- 37124974
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230502
IS  - 1949-8462 (Print)
IS  - 1949-8462 (Electronic)
VI  - 15
IP  - 4
DP  - 2023 Apr 26
TI  - Effectiveness of high intensity interval training on cardiorespiratory fitness 
      and endothelial function in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review.
PG  - 184-199
LID - 10.4330/wjc.v15.i4.184 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic syndrome 
      characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia that may lead to 
      endothelial dysfunction, reduced functional capacity and exercise intolerance. 
      Regular aerobic exercise has been promoted as the most beneficial 
      non-pharmacological treatment of cardiovascular diseases. High intensity interval 
      training (HIIT) seems to be superior than moderate-intensity continuous training 
      (MICT) in cardiovascular diseases by improving brachial artery flow-mediated 
      dilation (FMD) and cardiorespiratory fitness to a greater extent. However, the 
      beneficial effects of HIIT in patients with T2DM still remain under investigation 
      and number of studies is limited. AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of high 
      intensity interval training on cardiorespiratory fitness and endothelial function 
      in patients with T2DM. METHODS: We performed a search on PubMed, PEDro and CINAHL 
      databases, selecting papers published between December 2012 and December 2022 and 
      identified published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the English language 
      that included community or outpatient exercise training programs in patients with 
      T2DM. RCTs were assessed for methodological rigor and risk of bias via the 
      Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro). The primary outcome was peak VO(2) and 
      the secondary outcome was endothelial function assessed either by FMD or other 
      indices of microcirculation. RESULTS: Twelve studies were included in our 
      systematic review. The 12 RCTs resulted in 661 participants in total. HIIT was 
      performed in 310 patients (46.8%), MICT to 271 and the rest 80 belonged to the 
      control group. Peak VO(2) increased in 10 out of 12 studies after HIIT. Ten 
      studies compared HIIT with other exercise regimens (MICT or strength endurance) 
      and 4 of them demonstrated additional beneficial effects of HIIT over MICT or 
      other exercise regimens. Moreover, 4 studies explored the effects of HIIT on 
      endothelial function and FMD in T2DM patients. In 2 of them, HIIT further 
      improved endothelial function compared to MICT and/or the control group while in 
      the rest 2 studies no differences between HIIT and MICT were observed. 
      CONCLUSION: Regular aerobic exercise training has beneficial effects on 
      cardiorespiratory fitness and endothelial function in T2DM patients. HIIT may be 
      superior by improving these parameters to a greater extent than MICT.
CI  - (c)The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights 
      reserved.
FAU - Kourek, Christos
AU  - Kourek C
AD  - Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise and Rehabilitation Laboratory, 1 Critical Care 
      Medicine Department, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens 10676, Greece.
AD  - Department of Cardiology, 417 Army Share Fund Hospital of Athens, Athens 11521, 
      Greece.
FAU - Karatzanos, Eleftherios
AU  - Karatzanos E
AD  - Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise and Rehabilitation Laboratory, 1 Critical Care 
      Medicine Department, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens 10676, Greece.
FAU - Raidou, Vasiliki
AU  - Raidou V
AD  - Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise and Rehabilitation Laboratory, National and 
      Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 10676, Greece.
FAU - Papazachou, Ourania
AU  - Papazachou O
AD  - Department of Cardiology, "Helena Venizelou" Hospital, Athens 10676, Greece.
FAU - Philippou, Anastassios
AU  - Philippou A
AD  - Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise and Rehabilitation Laboratory, 1 Critical Care 
      Medicine Department, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens 10676, Greece.
AD  - Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian 
      University of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece.
FAU - Nanas, Serafim
AU  - Nanas S
AD  - Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise and Rehabilitation Laboratory, 1 Critical Care 
      Medicine Department, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens 10676, Greece.
FAU - Dimopoulos, Stavros
AU  - Dimopoulos S
AD  - Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise and Rehabilitation Laboratory, 1 Critical Care 
      Medicine Department, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens 10676, Greece.
AD  - Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Unit, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens 
      17674, Greece. stdimop@med.uoa.gr.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - World J Cardiol
JT  - World journal of cardiology
JID - 101537090
PMC - PMC10130888
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cardiorespiratory fitness
OT  - Endothelial function
OT  - Exercise
OT  - High intensity interval training
OT  - Peak VO2
OT  - Type 2 diabetes mellitus
COIS- Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors received no financial support for 
      the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
EDAT- 2023/05/01 06:42
MHDA- 2023/05/01 06:43
PMCR- 2023/04/26
CRDT- 2023/05/01 03:52
PHST- 2023/01/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/02/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/03/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/05/01 06:43 [medline]
PHST- 2023/05/01 06:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/05/01 03:52 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/04/26 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.4330/wjc.v15.i4.184 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - World J Cardiol. 2023 Apr 26;15(4):184-199. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v15.i4.184.