PMID- 37146474 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230522 LR - 20230522 IS - 1872-8332 (Electronic) IS - 0169-5002 (Linking) VI - 180 DP - 2023 Jun TI - Combination therapy with anti-programmed cell death 1 antibody plus angiokinase inhibitor exerts synergistic antitumor effect against malignant mesothelioma via tumor microenvironment modulation. PG - 107219 LID - S0169-5002(23)00757-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.lungcan.2023.107219 [doi] AB - Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an asbestos-related fatal malignant neoplasm. Although there has been no reliable chemotherapeutic regimen other than combination therapy of cisplatin and pemetrexed for two decades, combination of ipilimumab plus nivolumab brought about a better outcome in patients with MPM. Thus, cancer immunotherapy using immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) is expected to play a central role in the treatment of MPM. To maximize the antitumor effect of ICI, we evaluated whether nintedanib, an antiangiogenic agent, could augment the antitumor effect of anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) antibody (Ab). Although nintedanib could not inhibit the proliferation of mesothelioma cells in vitro, it significantly suppressed the growth of mesothelioma allografts in mice. Moreover, combination therapy with anti-PD-1 Ab plus nintedanib reduced tumor burden more dramatically compared with nintedanib monotherapy via inducing remarkable necrosis in MPM allografts. Nintedanib did not promote the infiltration of CD8(+) T cells within the tumor when used alone or in combination with anti-PD-1 Ab but it independently decreased the infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis and ex vivo study using bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) showed that nintedanib could polarize TAMs from M2 to M1 phenotype. These results indicated that nintedanib had a potential to suppress protumor activity of TAMs both numerically and functionally. On the other hand, ex vivo study revealed that nintedanib upregulated the expression of PD-1 and PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in BMDMs and mesothelioma cells, respectively, and exhibited the impairment of phagocytic activity of BMDMs against mesothelioma cells. Co-administration of anti-PD-1 Ab may reactivate phagocytic activity of BMDMs by disrupting nintedanib-induced immunosuppressive signal via binding between PD-1 on BMDMs and PD-L1 on mesothelioma cells. Collectively, combination therapy of anti-PD-1 Ab plus nintedanib enhances the antitumor activity compared with respective monotherapy and can become a novel therapeutic option for patients with MPM. CI - Copyright (c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Tada, Akio AU - Tada A AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Hematology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan. FAU - Minami, Toshiyuki AU - Minami T AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Hematology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan. Electronic address: to-minami@hyo-med.ac.jp. FAU - Kitai, Hidemi AU - Kitai H AD - Department of Thoracic Oncology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan. FAU - Higashiguchi, Yoko AU - Higashiguchi Y AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Hematology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan. FAU - Tokuda, Mayuko AU - Tokuda M AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Hematology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan. FAU - Higashiyama, Tomoki AU - Higashiyama T AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Hematology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan. FAU - Negi, Yoshiki AU - Negi Y AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Hematology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan. FAU - Horio, Daisuke AU - Horio D AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Hematology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan. FAU - Nakajima, Yasuhiro AU - Nakajima Y AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Hematology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan. FAU - Otsuki, Taiichiro AU - Otsuki T AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Hematology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan. FAU - Mikami, Koji AU - Mikami K AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Hematology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan. FAU - Takahashi, Ryo AU - Takahashi R AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Hematology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan. FAU - Nakamura, Akifumi AU - Nakamura A AD - Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan. FAU - Kitajima, Kazuhiro AU - Kitajima K AD - Department of Radiology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan. FAU - Ohmuraya, Masaki AU - Ohmuraya M AD - Department of Genetics, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Japan. FAU - Kuribayashi, Kozo AU - Kuribayashi K AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Hematology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan. FAU - Kijima, Takashi AU - Kijima T AD - Department of Respiratory Medicine and Hematology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20230426 PL - Ireland TA - Lung Cancer JT - Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands) JID - 8800805 RN - G6HRD2P839 (nintedanib) RN - 0 (Indoles) RN - 0 (Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor) RN - 0 (Protein Kinase Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Angiogenesis Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Antibodies, Monoclonal) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - Female MH - Animals MH - Mice MH - Cell Line, Tumor MH - Mice, Inbred C57BL MH - *Mesothelioma, Malignant/drug therapy MH - *Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use MH - *Indoles/therapeutic use MH - *Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/antagonists & inhibitors MH - *Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use MH - *Angiogenesis Inhibitors/therapeutic use MH - *Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use MH - Allografts OTO - NOTNLM OT - Angiokinase inhibitor OT - Immune checkpoint inhibitor OT - Malignant pleural mesothelioma OT - Nintedanib OT - Tumor-associated macrophage OT - anti-PD-1 Ab COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2023/05/06 09:42 MHDA- 2023/05/19 06:41 CRDT- 2023/05/05 18:05 PHST- 2023/03/16 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/04/21 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/04/24 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/05/19 06:41 [medline] PHST- 2023/05/06 09:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/05/05 18:05 [entrez] AID - S0169-5002(23)00757-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.lungcan.2023.107219 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Lung Cancer. 2023 Jun;180:107219. doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2023.107219. Epub 2023 Apr 26.