PMID- 37151709 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20230509 IS - 2405-8440 (Print) IS - 2405-8440 (Electronic) IS - 2405-8440 (Linking) VI - 9 IP - 4 DP - 2023 Apr TI - Medicated-related burden and adherence in patients with co-morbid type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. PG - e15448 LID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15448 [doi] LID - e15448 AB - BACKGROUND: Medication adherence is an integral component in the management of patients with co-morbid type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension. However due to their combined conditions, there is likelihood of polypharmacy and medication-related burden, which could negatively impact adherence to therapy. This study aimed to assess the perceived medication-related burden among patients with co-morbid T2DM and hypertension and to evaluate the association between the perceived burden and adherence to medication therapy. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among adult patients with co-morbid T2DM and hypertension attending a primary health facility. The living with medicines questionnaire and the medication adherence report scale were used to assess extent of medication-related burden and adherence respectively. Binary logistic regression model was used to estimate the adjusted odds and their corresponding 95% confidence interval for medication-related burden and adherence outcomes. All observed categorical variables were considered for the multivariable binary logistic regression model. RESULTS: The total number of participants was 329 with a median age of 57.5 +/- 13.2 years. The median score for the overall burden was 99 (IQR: 93-113), and this significantly varied by sex (p = 0.012), monthly income (p = 0.025), monthly expenditure on medications (p = 0.012), frequency of daily dose of medications (p = 0.020) and family history of T2DM (p < 0.001). About 30.7% and 36.8% of participants reported moderate/high burden and medication adherence respectively. Uncontrolled diastolic blood pressure (AOR: 2.46, 95% CI: 1.20-5.05, p = 0.014), high glucose (AOR: 4.24, 95% CI: 2.13-8.46, p < 0.001) and no family history of T2DM (AOR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.14-4.02, p = 0.026) were associated with moderate/high medication burden. Uncontrolled diastolic blood pressure (AOR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.25-0.94, p = 0.031), at least 5 years since hypertension diagnosis (AOR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.30-0.99, p = 0.045) and moderate/high medication-related burden (AOR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.16-0.69, p = 0.003) were associated with lower odds of medication adherence. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that to improve the preventive and optimal care of patients with T2DM and hypertension, interventions that aim to reduce medication-related burden and morbidity are recommended. The study proposes that health stakeholders such as clinicians, pharmacists, and policy makers, develop multidisciplinary clinical and pharmaceutical care interventions to include provision of counselling to patients on adherence. In addition, developing policies and sensitization activities on deprescribing and fixed-dose drug combinations aimed at reducing medication-related burden, while promoting better adherence, blood pressure and blood glucose outcomes are recommended. CI - (c) 2023 The Authors. FAU - Baah-Nyarkoh, Emmanuella AU - Baah-Nyarkoh E AD - Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 43, Legon, Ghana. FAU - Alhassan, Yakubu AU - Alhassan Y AD - Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG13, Legon, Ghana. FAU - Dwomoh, Andrews K AU - Dwomoh AK AD - Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 43, Legon, Ghana. FAU - Kretchy, Irene A AU - Kretchy IA AD - Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, P. O. Box LG 43, Legon, Ghana. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230413 PL - England TA - Heliyon JT - Heliyon JID - 101672560 PMC - PMC10161589 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Antidiabetic medications OT - Antihypertensive medications OT - Hypertension OT - Medication adherence OT - Medication-related burden OT - Type 2 diabetes mellitus COIS- The authors declare no competing interests. EDAT- 2023/05/08 06:42 MHDA- 2023/05/08 06:43 PMCR- 2023/04/13 CRDT- 2023/05/08 03:52 PHST- 2022/04/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/04/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/04/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/05/08 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/05/08 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/05/08 03:52 [entrez] PHST- 2023/04/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S2405-8440(23)02655-5 [pii] AID - e15448 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15448 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Heliyon. 2023 Apr 13;9(4):e15448. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15448. eCollection 2023 Apr.