PMID- 37164182
OWN - NLM
STAT- Publisher
LR  - 20230510
IS  - 1879-3177 (Electronic)
IS  - 0887-2333 (Linking)
DP  - 2023 May 8
TI  - Evaluation of the effects of e-cigarette aerosol extracts and tobacco cigarette 
      smoke extracts on human gingival epithelial cells.
PG  - 105605
LID - S0887-2333(23)00054-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105605 [doi]
AB  - Smoking increases the risk of a number of diseases, including cardiovascular, 
      oral and lung diseases. E-cigarettes are gaining popularity among young people as 
      an alternative to cigarettes, but there is debate over whether they are less 
      harmful to the mouth than e-cigarettes. In this study, human gingival epithelial 
      cells (HGECs) were treated with four commercially available e-cigarette aerosol 
      condensates (ECAC) or commercially available generic cigarette smoke condensates 
      (CSC) with different nicotine concentrations. Cell viability was determined by 
      MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was observed by acridine orange (AO) and Hoechst33258 
      staining. The levels of type I collagen, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1, MMP-3), 
      cyclooxygenase 2 and inflammatory factors were detected by ELISA and RT-PCR. 
      Finally, ROS levels were analyzed by ROS staining. The different effects of CSC 
      and ECAC on HGECs were compared. The results showed that higher nicotine 
      concentration of CS significantly reduced the activity of HGECs. By contrast, all 
      ECAC had no significant effect. The levels of matrix metalloproteinase, COX-2, 
      and inflammatory factors were higher in HGECs treated with CSC than those treated 
      with ECAC. In contrast, the level of type I collagen was higher in HGECs treated 
      with ECAC than those treated with CSC. In conclusion, all four flavors of 
      e-cigarettes were less toxic to HGE cells than tobacco, but further clinical 
      studies are needed to determine whether e-cigarettes are less harmful to oral 
      health than conventional cigarettes.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
FAU - Su, Le
AU  - Su L
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of 
      Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 
      Jinan 250353, PR China; Shengshengxiangrong (Shandong) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 
      Jinan, PR China. Electronic address: sule@sdu.edu.cn.
FAU - Liu, Jilong
AU  - Liu J
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of 
      Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 
      Jinan 250353, PR China.
FAU - Yue, Qiulin
AU  - Yue Q
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of 
      Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 
      Jinan 250353, PR China; Shengshengxiangrong (Shandong) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., 
      Jinan, PR China.
FAU - Zhang, Song
AU  - Zhang S
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of 
      Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 
      Jinan 250353, PR China.
FAU - Zhao, Chen
AU  - Zhao C
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of 
      Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 
      Jinan 250353, PR China.
FAU - Sun, Xin
AU  - Sun X
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of 
      Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 
      Jinan 250353, PR China.
FAU - Xu, Jing
AU  - Xu J
AD  - Shenzhen RELX Tech. Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518000, China. Electronic address: 
      jing.xu@relxtech.com.
FAU - Jiang, Xingtao
AU  - Jiang X
AD  - Shenzhen RELX Tech. Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518000, China. Electronic address: 
      xingtao.jiang@relxtech.com.
FAU - Li, Kunlun
AU  - Li K
AD  - Shandong Zhuoran Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan, PR China.
FAU - Li, Baojun
AU  - Li B
AD  - Shandong Zhuoran Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan, PR China.
FAU - Zhao, Lin
AU  - Zhao L
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of 
      Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, 
      Jinan 250353, PR China; Shandong Chenzhang Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jinan, PR 
      China. Electronic address: iahb205@163.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230508
PL  - England
TA  - Toxicol In Vitro
JT  - Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with 
      BIBRA
JID - 8712158
SB  - IM
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - "Apoptosis"[Mesh]
OT  - "Electronic nicotine delivery systems"[Mesh]
OT  - "Tobacco[Mesh]"
COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2023/05/11 00:41
MHDA- 2023/05/11 00:41
CRDT- 2023/05/10 19:25
PHST- 2022/10/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/04/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/05/11 00:41 [medline]
PHST- 2023/05/11 00:41 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/05/10 19:25 [entrez]
AID - S0887-2333(23)00054-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105605 [doi]
PST - aheadofprint
SO  - Toxicol In Vitro. 2023 May 8:105605. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105605.