PMID- 37182965
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230516
LR  - 20230516
IS  - 1879-1344 (Electronic)
IS  - 0144-8617 (Linking)
VI  - 313
DP  - 2023 Aug 1
TI  - Temperature-responsive hydrogel prepared from carboxymethyl cellulose-stabilized 
      N-vinylcaprolactam with potential for fertilizer delivery.
PG  - 120875
LID - S0144-8617(23)00340-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120875 [doi]
AB  - The growth of plants is highly dependent on sufficient water and suitable 
      fertilizer nutrients, but the soil often loses moisture and the fertilizers are 
      low efficiency. To address this issue, the temperature-responsive hydrogels were 
      developed using the N-vinylcaprolactam (NVCL) dispersed in water through the 
      emulsification of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and acrylamide (AM), and urea was 
      loaded into the hydrogel as a fertilizer. The amount of CMC and monomer have an 
      effect on the structure, mechanical properties, swelling ability, and temperature 
      sensitivity of the hydrogel. Therefore, the maximum swelling ratio of the 
      hydrogel can reach 2056 % with the increasing hydrophilic groups, and the 
      hydrogel exhibits a deswelling behavior as the temperature rises to higher than 
      LCST due to the temperature responsiveness. Moreover, the fertilizer can rapidly 
      release when the temperature is higher than LSCT, and exhibits similar release 
      behavior in water and soil. Thus, the temperature-responsive hydrogel shows a 
      great potential application for the controlled release of water and fertilizer in 
      agriculture and forestry.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Shang, Hongyi
AU  - Shang H
AD  - Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 
      Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Key Lab. of Chemical Engineering 
      of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, National 
      Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu 
      Province, China.
FAU - Yang, Xinxin
AU  - Yang X
AD  - Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 
      Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Key Lab. of Chemical Engineering 
      of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, National 
      Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu 
      Province, China.
FAU - Liu, He
AU  - Liu H
AD  - Institute of Chemical Industry of Forestry Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, 
      Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, Key Lab. of Chemical Engineering 
      of Forest Products, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, National 
      Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Nanjing 210042, Jiangsu 
      Province, China. Electronic address: liuhe.caf@gmail.com.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230331
PL  - England
TA  - Carbohydr Polym
JT  - Carbohydrate polymers
JID - 8307156
RN  - 0 (Hydrogels)
RN  - K679OBS311 (Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium)
RN  - 0 (Fertilizers)
RN  - 0 (Soil)
RN  - 059QF0KO0R (Water)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Hydrogels/chemistry
MH  - *Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium/chemistry
MH  - Fertilizers/analysis
MH  - Temperature
MH  - Soil/chemistry
MH  - Water/chemistry
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Carboxymethyl cellulose
OT  - Controlled-release fertilizer
OT  - Hydrogel
OT  - Thermal responsiveness
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2023/05/15 00:42
MHDA- 2023/05/16 06:42
CRDT- 2023/05/14 20:58
PHST- 2023/01/31 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/03/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/03/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/05/16 06:42 [medline]
PHST- 2023/05/15 00:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/05/14 20:58 [entrez]
AID - S0144-8617(23)00340-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120875 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Carbohydr Polym. 2023 Aug 1;313:120875. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120875. Epub 
      2023 Mar 31.