PMID- 37216995
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230627
LR  - 20230627
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 891
DP  - 2023 Sep 15
TI  - Sea spray as a secondary source of chlorinated persistent organic pollutants? - 
      Conclusions from a comparison of seven fresh snowfall events in 2019 and 2021.
PG  - 164357
LID - S0048-9697(23)02978-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164357 [doi]
AB  - Secondary sources of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) gain in importance 
      worldwide as primary sources decline. In this work, we aim to determine whether 
      sea spray may be a secondary source of chlorinated POPs to the terrestrial 
      Arctic, since a similar mechanism was proposed there only for the more 
      water-soluble POPs. To this end, we have determined polychlorinated biphenyls and 
      organochlorine pesticides concentrations in fresh snow and seawater collected in 
      the vicinity of the Polish Polar Station in Hornsund in two sampling periods 
      covering spring 2019 and 2021. To support our interpretations, we include also 
      metal and metalloid, and stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes analysis in those 
      samples. A significant correlation was found between the concentrations of POPs 
      and the distance from the sea at the sampling point, yet the confirmation of sea 
      spray impact lies more in capturing an event with negligible long-range transport 
      influence where the detected chlorinated POPs (Cl-POPs) matched in composition 
      the compounds enriched in the sea surface microlayer, which is both a source of 
      sea spray and a seawater microenvironment rich in hydrophobic substances.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Pawlak, Filip
AU  - Pawlak F
AD  - Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of 
      Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., Gdansk 80-233, Poland.
FAU - Koziol, Krystyna
AU  - Koziol K
AD  - Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Kazimierz Wielki University, 8 Koscielecki Sq., 
      Bydgoszcz 85-033, Poland. Electronic address: krystyna.koziol@ukw.edu.pl.
FAU - Frankowski, Marcin
AU  - Frankowski M
AD  - Department of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam 
      Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, 
      Poland.
FAU - Nowicki, Lukasz
AU  - Nowicki L
AD  - Perlan Technologies Poland Ltd., the Pomeranian Science and Technology Park, 
      aleja Zwyciestwa 96/98, 81-451 Gdynia, Poland.
FAU - Marlin, Christelle
AU  - Marlin C
AD  - University Paris-Saclay, Universite Paris-Sud 11, Orsay, Ile-de-France, France.
FAU - Sulej-Suchomska, Anna Maria
AU  - Sulej-Suchomska AM
AD  - Department of Quality Management, Faculty of Management and Quality Sciences, 
      Gdynia Maritime University, 81-225 Gdynia, Poland.
FAU - Polkowska, Zaneta
AU  - Polkowska Z
AD  - Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of 
      Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., Gdansk 80-233, Poland. Electronic address: 
      zanpolko@pg.edu.pl.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230520
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
SB  - IM
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Arctic
OT  - Atmospheric transport
OT  - Marine aerosol
OT  - OCPs
OT  - PCBs
OT  - Snow
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial 
      interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing 
      interests: Krystyna Koziol reports financial support was provided by National 
      Science Centre Poland. Filip Pawlak reports financial support was provided by 
      National Science Centre Poland.
EDAT- 2023/05/23 01:06
MHDA- 2023/05/23 01:07
CRDT- 2023/05/22 19:18
PHST- 2023/02/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/05/05 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/05/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/05/23 01:07 [medline]
PHST- 2023/05/23 01:06 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/05/22 19:18 [entrez]
AID - S0048-9697(23)02978-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164357 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2023 Sep 15;891:164357. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164357. 
      Epub 2023 May 20.