PMID- 37241919 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20230528 LR - 20230530 IS - 1420-3049 (Electronic) IS - 1420-3049 (Linking) VI - 28 IP - 10 DP - 2023 May 18 TI - Ultrasonication-Tailored Graphene Oxide of Varying Sizes in Multiple-Equilibrium-Route-Enhanced Adsorption for Aqueous Removal of Acridine Orange. LID - 10.3390/molecules28104179 [doi] LID - 4179 AB - Graphene oxide (GO) has shown remarkable performance in the multiple-equilibrium-route adsorption (MER) process, which is characterized by further activation of GO through an in-situ reduction process based on single-equilibrium-route adsorption (SER), generating new adsorption sites and achieving an adsorption capacity increase. However, the effect of GO on MER adsorption in lateral size and thickness is still unclear. Here, GO sheets were sonicated for different lengths of time, and the adsorption of MER and SER was investigated at three temperatures to remove the typical cationic dye, acridine orange (AO). After sonication, we found that freshly prepared GO was greatly reduced in lateral size and thickness. In about 30 min, the thickness of GO decreased dramatically from several atomic layers to fewer atomic layers to a single atomic layer, which was completely stripped off; after that, the monolayer lateral size reduction dominated until it remained constant. Surface functional sites, such as hydroxyl groups, showed little change in the experiments. However, GO mainly reduces the C=O and C-O bonds in MER, except for the conjugated carbon backbone (C-C). The SER adsorption kinetics of all temperatures fitted the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models, yet room temperature preferred the latter. An overall adsorption enhancement appeared as sonication time, but the equilibrium capacity of SER GO generally increased with thickness and decreased with the single-layer lateral size, while MER GO conversed concerning the thickness. The escalated temperature facilitated the exfoliation of GO regarding the adsorption mechanism. Thus, the isotherm behaviors of the SER GO changed from the Freundlich model to Langmuir as size and temperature changed, while the MER GO were all of the Freundlich. A record capacity of ~4.3 g of AO per gram of GO was obtained from the MER adsorption with a sixty-minute ultrasonicated GO at 313.15 K. This work promises a cornerstone for MER adsorption with GO as an adsorbent. FAU - Han, Zhaoyang AU - Han Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9959-1677 AD - Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China. FAU - Sun, Ling AU - Sun L AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9625-1634 AD - Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China. AD - Beijing Guyue New Materials Research Institute, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China. FAU - Chu, Yingying AU - Chu Y AD - Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China. FAU - Wang, Jing AU - Wang J AD - Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China. FAU - Wei, Chenyu AU - Wei C AD - Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China. FAU - Liu, Yifang AU - Liu Y AD - Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China. FAU - Jiang, Qianlei AU - Jiang Q AD - Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China. FAU - Han, Changbao AU - Han C AD - Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China. FAU - Yan, Hui AU - Yan H AD - Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China. FAU - Song, Xuemei AU - Song X AD - Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Institute of Advanced Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China. LA - eng GR - NSFC 51902007/National Natural Science Foundation of China/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20230518 PL - Switzerland TA - Molecules JT - Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 100964009 SB - IM PMC - PMC10223085 OTO - NOTNLM OT - acridine orange OT - enhanced adsorption OT - graphene oxide OT - multiple-equilibrium route OT - size effect COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2023/05/27 09:42 MHDA- 2023/05/27 09:43 PMCR- 2023/05/18 CRDT- 2023/05/27 01:25 PHST- 2023/04/19 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/05/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/05/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2023/05/27 09:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/05/27 09:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/05/27 01:25 [entrez] PHST- 2023/05/18 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - molecules28104179 [pii] AID - molecules-28-04179 [pii] AID - 10.3390/molecules28104179 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Molecules. 2023 May 18;28(10):4179. doi: 10.3390/molecules28104179.