PMID- 37245140
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20240405
LR  - 20240419
IS  - 1525-1403 (Electronic)
IS  - 1094-7159 (Linking)
VI  - 27
IP  - 3
DP  - 2024 Apr
TI  - On-Off and Proportional Closed-Loop Adaptive Deep Brain Stimulation Reduces Motor 
      Symptoms in Freely Moving Hemiparkinsonian Rats.
PG  - 476-488
LID - S1094-7159(23)00152-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.neurom.2023.03.018 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: Closed-loop adaptive deep brain stimulation (aDBS) continuously 
      adjusts stimulation parameters, with the potential to improve efficacy and reduce 
      side effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson's disease (PD). Rodent 
      models can provide an effective platform for testing aDBS algorithms and 
      establishing efficacy before clinical investigation. In this study, we compare 
      two aDBS algorithms, on-off and proportional modulation of DBS amplitude, with 
      conventional DBS in hemiparkinsonian rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: DBS of the 
      subthalamic nucleus (STN) was delivered wirelessly in freely moving male and 
      female hemiparkinsonian (N = 7) and sham (N = 3) Wistar rats. On-off and 
      proportional aDBS, based on STN local field potential beta power, were compared 
      with conventional DBS and three control stimulation algorithms. Behavior was 
      assessed during cylinder tests (CT) and stepping tests (ST). Successful model 
      creation was confirmed via apomorphine-induced rotation test and Tyrosine 
      Hydroxylase-immunocytochemistry. Electrode location was histologically confirmed. 
      Data were analyzed using linear mixed models. RESULTS: Contralateral paw use in 
      parkinsonian rats was reduced to 20% and 25% in CT and ST, respectively. 
      Conventional, on-off, and proportional aDBS significantly improved motor 
      function, restoring contralateral paw use to approximately 45% in both tests. No 
      improvement in motor behavior was observed with either randomly applied on-off or 
      low-amplitude continuous stimulation. Relative STN beta power was suppressed 
      during DBS. Relative power in the alpha and gamma bands decreased and increased, 
      respectively. Therapeutically effective adaptive DBS used approximately 40% less 
      energy than did conventional DBS. CONCLUSIONS: Adaptive DBS, using both on-off 
      and proportional control schemes, is as effective as conventional DBS in reducing 
      motor symptoms of PD in parkinsonian rats. Both aDBS algorithms yield substantial 
      reductions in stimulation power. These findings support using hemiparkinsonian 
      rats as a viable model for testing aDBS based on beta power and provide a path to 
      investigate more complex closed-loop algorithms in freely behaving animals.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Evers, Judith
AU  - Evers J
AD  - Neuromuscular Systems Lab, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 
      University College Dublin Belfield, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland. Electronic 
      address: judith.evers@ucd.ie.
FAU - Orlowski, Jakub
AU  - Orlowski J
AD  - Neuromuscular Systems Lab, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 
      University College Dublin Belfield, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
FAU - Jahns, Hanne
AU  - Jahns H
AD  - Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin 
      Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
FAU - Lowery, Madeleine M
AU  - Lowery MM
AD  - Neuromuscular Systems Lab, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 
      University College Dublin Belfield, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230527
PL  - United States
TA  - Neuromodulation
JT  - Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society
JID - 9804159
SB  - IM
MH  - Rats
MH  - Male
MH  - Female
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Deep Brain Stimulation
MH  - Rats, Wistar
MH  - *Parkinson Disease/therapy
MH  - *Subthalamic Nucleus
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 6-OHDA rat
OT  - Parkinson's disease
OT  - adaptive deep brain stimulation
OT  - closed-loop
OT  - deep brain stimulation
COIS- Conflict of Interest The authors reported no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/05/28 13:09
MHDA- 2024/04/05 06:44
CRDT- 2023/05/28 10:33
PHST- 2022/12/19 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/03/16 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/03/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2024/04/05 06:44 [medline]
PHST- 2023/05/28 13:09 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/05/28 10:33 [entrez]
AID - S1094-7159(23)00152-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.neurom.2023.03.018 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neuromodulation. 2024 Apr;27(3):476-488. doi: 10.1016/j.neurom.2023.03.018. Epub 
      2023 May 27.