PMID- 37250081
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230601
LR  - 20230602
IS  - 2296-2565 (Electronic)
IS  - 2296-2565 (Linking)
VI  - 11
DP  - 2023
TI  - The Death Literacy Index: translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the 
      Chinese version.
PG  - 1140475
LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1140475 [doi]
LID - 1140475
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Applying public health approaches to address palliative care allows 
      for a broader perspective. The Death Literacy Index (DLI) is a novel instrument 
      designed to assess the knowledge and skills required to access, comprehend, and 
      make informed decisions regarding end-of-life care. Translation of the DLI could 
      strengthen the capacity to build desirable services and policies regarding dying 
      and death. It could also help to identify the barriers to services and future 
      advocacy efforts. METHODS: The DLI was forward translated into Chinese and 
      backward translated through two panels. Two rounds of cognitive interviews and a 
      pilot test were conducted before the survey. A sample of 3,221 participants was 
      recruited via an online survey in five cities in southern China (Guangzhou, 
      Zhuhai, Jiangmen, Hong Kong and Macao) to evaluate the factor structure, validity 
      and reliability of the translated DLI. Additionally, multi-group confirmatory 
      factor analyses (MGCFA) were performed to examine measurement invariance across 
      genders and the experiences of parental death. RESULTS: Exploratory factor 
      analysis showed a six-factor structure for the translated DLI, and confirmatory 
      factor analysis confirmed the structure. The overall scale and subscales had high 
      internal consistency and satisfactory validity. The results from MGCFA showed 
      that death literacy was adequately invariant for different genders and 
      experiences of parental death. CONCLUSION: The Chinese DLI is a reliable and 
      valid instrument for measuring death literacy among people in southern China, and 
      therefore can be used for both research and community practice.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 Che, Li, Zhu and Ng.
FAU - Che, Sok Leng
AU  - Che SL
AD  - Nursing and Health Education Research Centre, Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, 
      Macao SAR, China.
FAU - Li, Xiang
AU  - Li X
AD  - Education Department, Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
FAU - Zhu, Mingxia
AU  - Zhu M
AD  - Education Department, Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
FAU - Ng, Wai I
AU  - Ng WI
AD  - Education Department, Kiang Wu Nursing College of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20230511
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Public Health
JT  - Frontiers in public health
JID - 101616579
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Female
MH  - *Literacy
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - Psychometrics
MH  - China
MH  - Hong Kong
PMC - PMC10213892
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Death Literacy Index
OT  - death literacy
OT  - factor analysis
OT  - reliability
OT  - validity
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/05/30 13:07
MHDA- 2023/06/01 06:42
PMCR- 2023/05/11
CRDT- 2023/05/30 11:19
PHST- 2023/01/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/04/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/06/01 06:42 [medline]
PHST- 2023/05/30 13:07 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/05/30 11:19 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/05/11 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1140475 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Public Health. 2023 May 11;11:1140475. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1140475. 
      eCollection 2023.