PMID- 37270598
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230604
LR  - 20230606
IS  - 2045-2322 (Electronic)
IS  - 2045-2322 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 1
DP  - 2023 Jun 3
TI  - Production of combustible fuels and carbon nanotubes from plastic wastes using an 
      in-situ catalytic microwave pyrolysis process.
PG  - 9057
LID - 10.1038/s41598-023-36254-6 [doi]
LID - 9057
AB  - This study performed in-situ microwave pyrolysis of plastic waste into hydrogen, 
      liquid fuel and carbon nanotubes in the presence of Zeolite Socony Mobil ZSM-5 
      catalyst. In the presented microwave pyrolysis of plastics, activated carbon was 
      used as a heat susceptor. The microwave power of 1 kW was employed to decompose 
      high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and polypropylene (PP) wastes at moderate 
      temperatures of 400-450  degrees C. The effect of plastic composition, catalyst loading 
      and plastic type on liquid, gas and solid carbon products was quantified. This 
      in-situ CMP reaction resulted in heavy hydrocarbons, hydrogen gas and carbon 
      nanotubes as a solid residue. A relatively better hydrogen yield of 129.6 mmol/g 
      as a green fuel was possible in this process. FTIR and gas chromatography 
      analysis revealed that liquid product consisted of C(13+) fraction hydrocarbons, 
      such as alkanes, alkanes, and aromatics. TEM micrographs showed tubular-like 
      structural morphology of the solid residue, which was identified as carbon 
      nanotubes (CNTs) during X-ray diffraction analysis. The outer diameter of CNTs 
      ranged from 30 to 93 nm from HDPE, 25-93 nm from PP and 30-54 nm for HDPE-PP 
      mixure. The presented CMP process took just 2-4 min to completely pyrolyze the 
      plastic feedstock into valuable products, leaving no polymeric residue.
CI  - (c) 2023. The Author(s).
FAU - Irfan, Muhammad
AU  - Irfan M
AD  - Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University 
      Saudi Arabia, Najran, 61441, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Saleem, Rishmail
AU  - Saleem R
AD  - Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, 
      Pakistan.
FAU - Shoukat, Bilal
AU  - Shoukat B
AD  - Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, 
      Pakistan.
FAU - Hussain, Hammad
AU  - Hussain H
AD  - Department of Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering & 
      Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
FAU - Shukrullah, Shazia
AU  - Shukrullah S
AD  - Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, 
      Pakistan. zshukrullah@uaf.edu.pk.
FAU - Naz, Muhammad Yasin
AU  - Naz MY
AD  - Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, 
      Pakistan. yasin306@uaf.edu.pk.
FAU - Rahman, Saifur
AU  - Rahman S
AD  - Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University 
      Saudi Arabia, Najran, 61441, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Ghanim, Abdulnour Ali Jazem
AU  - Ghanim AAJ
AD  - Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran, 
      61441, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Nawalany, Grzegorz
AU  - Nawalany G
AD  - Department of Rural Building, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Land 
      Surveying, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059, 
      Krakow, Poland.
FAU - Jakubowski, Tomasz
AU  - Jakubowski T
AD  - Department of Machine Operation, Ergonomics and Production Processes, Faculty of 
      Production and Power Engineering, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 30-059, 
      Krakow, Poland.
LA  - eng
GR  - NU/NRP/SERC/12/2/Najran University/
GR  - NIP 675 000 21 18/Uniwersytet Rolniczy im. Hugona Kollataja w Krakowie/
GR  - NIP 675 000 21 18/Uniwersytet Rolniczy im. Hugona Kollataja w Krakowie/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230603
PL  - England
TA  - Sci Rep
JT  - Scientific reports
JID - 101563288
SB  - IM
PMC - PMC10239485
COIS- The authors declare no competing interests.
EDAT- 2023/06/04 01:08
MHDA- 2023/06/04 01:09
PMCR- 2023/06/03
CRDT- 2023/06/03 23:21
PHST- 2023/01/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/05/31 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/06/04 01:09 [medline]
PHST- 2023/06/04 01:08 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/06/03 23:21 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/06/03 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-023-36254-6 [pii]
AID - 36254 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-023-36254-6 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sci Rep. 2023 Jun 3;13(1):9057. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-36254-6.