PMID- 37280113 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230824 LR - 20231004 IS - 1469-994X (Electronic) IS - 1462-2203 (Print) IS - 1462-2203 (Linking) VI - 25 IP - 10 DP - 2023 Aug 23 TI - Reengagement for Long-Term Smoking-Cessation In Military Personnel, Retirees, Family Members (TRICARE): A Randomized Trial. PG - 1633-1640 LID - 10.1093/ntr/ntad085 [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: We sought to determine what type of treatment reengagement after smoking relapse would increase long-term cessation. AIMS AND METHODS: Participants were military personnel, retirees, and family members (TRICARE beneficiaries) recruited across the United States from August 2015 through June 2020. At baseline, consented participants (n = 614) received a validated, four-session, telephonic tobacco-cessation intervention with free nicotine replacement therapy. At the 3-month follow-up, 264 participants who failed to quit or relapsed were offered the opportunity to reengage in cessation. Of these, 134 were randomized into three reengagement conditions: (1) repeat initial intervention ("recycle"), (2) Smoking reduction with eventual cessation goal ("rate reduction"), or (3) Choose #1 or #2 ("choice"). Prolonged abstinence and 7-day point prevalence abstinence were measured at 12 months. RESULTS: Despite being in a clinical trial advertised as having the opportunity for reengagement, only 51% (134 of the 264) of participants who still smoked at 3-month follow-up were willing to reengage. Overall, participants randomized to recycle had higher prolonged cessation rates at 12 months than rate reduction conditions (OR = 16.43, 95% CI: 2.52 to 107.09, Bonferroni adjusted p = .011). When participants who randomly received recycle or rate reduction were pooled, respectively, with participants who chose recycle or rate reduction in the Choice group, recycle had higher prolonged cessation rates at 12 months than rate reduction (OR = 6.50, 95% CI: 1.49 to 28.42, p = .013). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest service members and their family members who fail to quit smoking but are willing to reengage in a cessation program are more likely to benefit from repeating the same treatment. IMPLICATIONS: Finding methods that are both successful and acceptable to reengage people who smoke who want to quit can have a significant impact on improving the health of the public by reducing the portion of the population who smoke. This study suggests that repeating established cessation programs will result in more people ready to quit successfully achieving their goal. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. FAU - Klesges, Robert C AU - Klesges RC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1314-5092 AD - Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA. FAU - Talcott, G Wayne AU - Talcott GW AD - Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA. AD - Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center, Clinical Health Psychology, Joint Base San Antonio - Lackland, San Antonio, TX, USA. FAU - Little, Melissa A AU - Little MA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0562-4010 AD - Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA. FAU - Mallawaarachchi, Indika V AU - Mallawaarachchi IV AD - Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA. FAU - Wang, X-Q AU - Wang XQ AD - Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA. FAU - Aycock, Chase A AU - Aycock CA AD - Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA. AD - Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center, Clinical Health Psychology, Joint Base San Antonio - Lackland, San Antonio, TX, USA. FAU - Patience, Marc A AU - Patience MA AD - Malcolm Grow Medical Clinics and Surgical Center, Mental Health Clinic, Joint Base Andrews, MD, USA. FAU - Halbert, Jennifer P AU - Halbert JP AD - Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA. FAU - Wiseman, Kara P AU - Wiseman KP AD - Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA. FAU - Ebbert, Jon O AU - Ebbert JO AD - Division of Primary Care Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PL - England TA - Nicotine Tob Res JT - Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco JID - 9815751 RN - 6M3C89ZY6R (Nicotine) RN - 0 (Nicotinic Agonists) SB - IM MH - Humans MH - *Smoking Cessation/methods MH - Nicotine MH - Nicotinic Agonists/therapeutic use MH - *Military Personnel MH - Tobacco Use Cessation Devices MH - *Smoking Reduction MH - Family PMC - PMC10445251 COIS- The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2023/06/07 01:07 MHDA- 2023/08/24 06:42 PMCR- 2024/06/02 CRDT- 2023/06/06 21:37 PHST- 2022/08/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2023/05/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2023/05/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2024/06/02 00:00 [pmc-release] PHST- 2023/08/24 06:42 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/07 01:07 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/06 21:37 [entrez] AID - 7189809 [pii] AID - ntad085 [pii] AID - 10.1093/ntr/ntad085 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nicotine Tob Res. 2023 Aug 23;25(10):1633-1640. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntad085.