PMID- 37297321
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230612
IS  - 1996-1944 (Print)
IS  - 1996-1944 (Electronic)
IS  - 1996-1944 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 11
DP  - 2023 Jun 5
TI  - Evaluation of the Mechanical, Thermal and Rheological Properties of Hop, Hemp and 
      Wood Fiber Plastic Composites.
LID - 10.3390/ma16114187 [doi]
LID - 4187
AB  - The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of waste natural fibers from milled 
      hop bines and hemp stalks, without chemical treatment, and compare them to a 
      commercial wood fiber for use in wood-plastic composite (WPC) materials. The 
      fibers were characterized (density, fiber size and chemical composition). WPCs 
      were produced by the extrusion of a blend of fibers (50%), high-density 
      polyethylene (HDPE) and coupling agent (2%). The WPCs were characterized for 
      their mechanical, rheological, thermal, viscoelastic and water resistance 
      properties. Pine fiber was about half the size of hemp and hop fibers and thus 
      had a higher surface area. The pine WPC melts had a higher viscosity than the 
      other two WPCs. Additionally, the tensile and flexural strengths of the pine WPC 
      were higher than those of hop and hemp WPCs. The pine WPC was also shown to have 
      the least water absorption followed by hop and hemp WPCs. This study highlights 
      that different lignocellulosic fibers influence their WPC properties. The 
      properties of the hop- and hemp-based WPCs were comparable to commercial WPCs and 
      can be improved by further milling/screening the fibers to a smaller particle 
      size (volumetric mean of ~88 mum) to increase their surface area, fiber-matrix 
      interactions and improve stress-transfer.
FAU - Talcott, Sierra
AU  - Talcott S
AD  - Department of Forest, Rangeland and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, 
      ID 83843, USA.
FAU - Uptmor, Benjamin
AU  - Uptmor B
AD  - Department of Forest, Rangeland and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, 
      ID 83843, USA.
FAU - McDonald, Armando G
AU  - McDonald AG
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5877-4082
AD  - Department of Forest, Rangeland and Fire Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, 
      ID 83843, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230605
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Materials (Basel)
JT  - Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101555929
PMC - PMC10254362
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - hemp fiber
OT  - hop fiber
OT  - mechanical properties
OT  - rheology
OT  - wood-plastic composites
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/06/10 15:13
MHDA- 2023/06/10 15:14
PMCR- 2023/06/05
CRDT- 2023/06/10 01:06
PHST- 2023/05/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/06/02 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/06/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/06/10 15:14 [medline]
PHST- 2023/06/10 15:13 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/06/10 01:06 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/06/05 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ma16114187 [pii]
AID - materials-16-04187 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ma16114187 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Materials (Basel). 2023 Jun 5;16(11):4187. doi: 10.3390/ma16114187.