PMID- 37302927
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20231216
LR  - 20231228
IS  - 1532-1770 (Electronic)
IS  - 1521-6942 (Linking)
VI  - 37
IP  - 1
DP  - 2023 Mar
TI  - Cardiovascular risk in vasculitis.
PG  - 101831
LID - S1521-6942(23)00017-7 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.berh.2023.101831 [doi]
AB  - The present review summarizes the burden, risk factors, biomarkers of and 
      therapeutic consideration for cardiovascular disease in systemic vasculitis. 
      Ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke are intrinsic features of Kawasaki 
      disease, Takayasu arteritis, Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA), and Behcet's disease. 
      The risk of IHD and stroke is increased in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic 
      antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) and cryoglobulinemic vasculitis. Behcet's 
      disease could present with venous thromboembolism. The risk of venous 
      thromboembolism is increased in AAV, polyarteritis nodosa, and GCA. The risk of 
      cardiovascular events is greatest at or immediately after the diagnosis of AAV or 
      GCA, therefore, controlling vasculitis disease activity is of utmost importance. 
      Traditional as well as disease-related risk factors drive the heightened 
      cardiovascular risk in vasculitis. Aspirin or statins reduce the risk of IHD or 
      stroke in GCA or the risk of IHD in Kawasaki Disease. Venous thromboembolism in 
      Behcet's disease should be treated with immunosuppressive therapy rather than 
      with anticoagulation.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Misra, Durga Prasanna
AU  - Misra DP
AD  - Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate 
      Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, 226014, India. Electronic 
      address: durgapmisra@gmail.com.
FAU - Sharma, Aman
AU  - Sharma A
AD  - Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Wing, Department of Internal Medicine, 
      Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector-12, 
      Chandigarh, 160012, India. Electronic address: amansharma74@yahoo.com.
FAU - Karpouzas, George A
AU  - Karpouzas GA
AD  - The Lundquist Institute and Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, USA. Electronic 
      address: gkarpouzas@lundquist.org.
FAU - Kitas, George D
AU  - Kitas GD
AD  - Research & Development, Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust and University of 
      Birmingham, UK. Electronic address: george.kitas@nhs.net.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20230609
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol
JT  - Best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology
JID - 101121149
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Behcet Syndrome/complications/epidemiology
MH  - *Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology/etiology
MH  - *Venous Thromboembolism/epidemiology/etiology
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - *Giant Cell Arteritis/complications/epidemiology/drug therapy
MH  - *Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis
MH  - Heart Disease Risk Factors
MH  - *Stroke/epidemiology/etiology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis
OT  - Behcet disease
OT  - Cardiovascular risk
OT  - Giant cell arteritis
OT  - Systemic vasculitis
OT  - Takayasu arteritis
COIS- Declaration of competing interest None of the authors have any conflicts of 
      interest to declare.
EDAT- 2023/06/12 00:42
MHDA- 2023/12/17 09:45
CRDT- 2023/06/11 21:55
PHST- 2023/03/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/04/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2023/04/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/12/17 09:45 [medline]
PHST- 2023/06/12 00:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/06/11 21:55 [entrez]
AID - S1521-6942(23)00017-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.berh.2023.101831 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2023 Mar;37(1):101831. doi: 
      10.1016/j.berh.2023.101831. Epub 2023 Jun 9.