PMID- 37305117
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20230613
IS  - 2296-858X (Print)
IS  - 2296-858X (Electronic)
IS  - 2296-858X (Linking)
VI  - 10
DP  - 2023
TI  - The relationship between sleep and salivary and serum inflammatory biomarkers in 
      adolescents.
PG  - 1175483
LID - 10.3389/fmed.2023.1175483 [doi]
LID - 1175483
AB  - OBJECTIVES: Poor sleep behavior can trigger an inflammatory response and 
      contribute to the development of inflammatory diseases. Cytokines can act as 
      indicators of inflammation and may precede the onset of inflammatory diseases. 
      This study aimed to determine the association between sleep timing parameters 
      (bedtime, sleep duration, sleep debt, and social jetlag) and the levels of nine 
      serum and salivary inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers. METHODS: Data were 
      collected from 352 adolescents aged 16-19 years enrolled in Kuwait's public high 
      schools. The levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), 
      interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10), vascular endothelial growth factor 
      (VEGF), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), adiponectin, leptin, and 
      insulin were measured from saliva and serum samples. We conducted mixed-effect 
      multiple linear regression modeling to account for the school variable as a 
      random effect to assess the relationship between the sleep variables and salivary 
      and serum biomarkers. Mediation analysis was conducted to check if BMI was a 
      mediator between bedtime and the biomarkers. RESULTS: There was a statistically 
      significant elevation in serum IL-6 level associated with later bedtime 
      (0.05 pg./mL, p = 0.01). Adolescents with severe sleep debt of >/=2 h had an 
      increase in salivary IL-6 biomarker levels (0.38 pg./mL, p = 0.01) compared to 
      those who had sleep debt of <1 h. Adolescents with sleep debt of >/=2 h had 
      significantly higher levels of serum CRP (0.61 mug/mL, p = 0.02) than those 
      without sleep debt. Additionally, we found that the inflammatory biomarkers (CRP, 
      IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, VEGF, and MCP-1) and metabolic biomarkers (adiponectin, 
      leptin, and insulin) had more statistically significant associations with the 
      bedtime variables than with sleep duration variables. CRP, IL-6, and IL-8 were 
      associated with sleep debt, and IL-6, VEGF, adiponectin, and leptin levels were 
      associated with social jetlag. BMIz was a full mediator in the relationship 
      between late bedtime and increased serum levels of CRP, IL-6, and insulin. 
      CONCLUSION: Adolescents who go to bed at or later than midnight had dysregulated 
      levels of salivary and serum inflammatory biomarkers, suggesting that disrupted 
      circadian rhythm can trigger higher levels of systemic inflammation and 
      potentially exacerbate chronic inflammation and the risk of metabolic diseases.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2023 Alqaderi, Abdullah, Finkelman, Abufarha, Devarajan, Abubaker, 
      Ramesh, Tavares, Al-Mulla and Bin-Hasan.
FAU - Alqaderi, Hend
AU  - Alqaderi H
AD  - Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait.
AD  - Department of Oral Health Policy and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Dental 
      Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.
FAU - Abdullah, Abeer
AU  - Abdullah A
AD  - Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz 
      University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Finkelman, Matthew
AU  - Finkelman M
AD  - Department of Public Health and Community Service, Tufts University School of 
      Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.
FAU - Abufarha, Mohamed
AU  - Abufarha M
AD  - Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait.
FAU - Devarajan, Sriraman
AU  - Devarajan S
AD  - Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait.
FAU - Abubaker, Jehad
AU  - Abubaker J
AD  - Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait.
FAU - Ramesh, Nikitha
AU  - Ramesh N
AD  - Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.
FAU - Tavares, Mary
AU  - Tavares M
AD  - Department of Health Policy and Health Services Research, Boston University Henry 
      M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.
FAU - Al-Mulla, Fahd
AU  - Al-Mulla F
AD  - Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait.
FAU - Bin-Hasan, Saadoun
AU  - Bin-Hasan S
AD  - Farwaniya Hospital, Ministry of Health, Al Farwaniyah, Kuwait.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20230526
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Med (Lausanne)
JT  - Frontiers in medicine
JID - 101648047
PMC - PMC10250646
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - cytokin
OT  - inflammation
OT  - saliva
OT  - serum
OT  - sleep
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2023/06/12 06:42
MHDA- 2023/06/12 06:43
PMCR- 2023/05/26
CRDT- 2023/06/12 04:19
PHST- 2023/02/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/05/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/06/12 06:43 [medline]
PHST- 2023/06/12 06:42 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/06/12 04:19 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/05/26 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fmed.2023.1175483 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Med (Lausanne). 2023 May 26;10:1175483. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1175483. 
      eCollection 2023.