PMID- 37306877
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20230703
LR  - 20230703
IS  - 1614-7499 (Electronic)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Print)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Linking)
VI  - 30
IP  - 32
DP  - 2023 Jul
TI  - Secondhand and thirdhand smoke: a review on chemical contents, exposure routes, 
      and protective strategies.
PG  - 78017-78029
LID - 10.1007/s11356-023-28128-1 [doi]
AB  - Secondhand smoke (SHS: a mixture of sidestream and mainstream smoke) and 
      thirdhand smoke (THS: made up of the pollutants that settle indoors after smoking 
      in closed environments) are a significant public health concern. SHS and THS 
      contain various chemicals which can be released into the air or settle on 
      surfaces. At present, the hazards of SHS and THS are not as well documented. In 
      this review, we describe the chemical contents of THS and SHS, exposure routes, 
      vulnerable groups, health effects, and protective strategies. The literature 
      search was conducted for published papers on September 2022 in Scopus, Web of 
      Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. This review could provide a 
      comprehensive understanding of the chemical contents of THS and SHS, exposure 
      routes, vulnerable groups, health effects, protective strategies, and future 
      researches on environmental tobacco smoke.
CI  - (c) 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, 
      part of Springer Nature.
FAU - Arfaeinia, Hossein
AU  - Arfaeinia H
AD  - Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf 
      Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, 
      Bushehr, Iran.
AD  - Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, 
      Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
FAU - Ghaemi, Maryam
AU  - Ghaemi M
AD  - Iranian National Institute for Oceanography and Atmospheric Science, No. 3, 
      Etemadzadeh St., Fatemi Ave, Tehran, 1411813389, Iran.
FAU - Jahantigh, Anis
AU  - Jahantigh A
AD  - Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, 
      Zahedan, Iran.
FAU - Soleimani, Farshid
AU  - Soleimani F
AD  - Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf 
      Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, 
      Bushehr, Iran. F.soleimani72@yahoo.com.
FAU - Hashemi, Hassan
AU  - Hashemi H
AD  - Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of 
      Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical 
      Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20230612
PL  - Germany
TA  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
JT  - Environmental science and pollution research international
JID - 9441769
RN  - 0 (Tobacco Smoke Pollution)
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Tobacco Smoke Pollution/analysis
MH  - *Environmental Pollutants
MH  - Public Health
PMC - PMC10258487
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Exposure routes
OT  - Protective strategies
OT  - Secondhand smoke
OT  - Thirdhand smoke
OT  - Vulnerable groups
COIS- The authors declare no competing interests.
EDAT- 2023/06/12 13:07
MHDA- 2023/07/03 06:41
PMCR- 2023/06/12
CRDT- 2023/06/12 11:11
PHST- 2023/03/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2023/06/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2023/07/03 06:41 [medline]
PHST- 2023/06/12 13:07 [pubmed]
PHST- 2023/06/12 11:11 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/06/12 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-023-28128-1 [pii]
AID - 28128 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-023-28128-1 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Jul;30(32):78017-78029. doi: 
      10.1007/s11356-023-28128-1. Epub 2023 Jun 12.