PMID- 37313732 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20230803 LR - 20230803 IS - 2050-7518 (Electronic) IS - 2050-750X (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 30 DP - 2023 Aug 2 TI - Nanocellulose-based hydrogels for drug delivery. PG - 7004-7023 LID - 10.1039/d3tb00478c [doi] AB - Hydrogels, as a class of three-dimensional (3D) polymer networks, are important candidates for drug delivery owing to their high porosity and hydrophilicity. Generally, clinical applications put forward various requirements for drug delivery systems (DDSs), such as low toxic side effects, high biocompatibility, targeting, controllable release, and high drug loading. In recent years, nanocellulose, including cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), has emerged as a promising material for hydrogel-based DDSs. This is due to its high surface area, abundant surface hydroxyl groups that can be easily chemically modified for multifunctionalization, natural origin leading to high biocompatibility and degradability, etc. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the preparation methods for hydrogels based on CNCs/CNFs for use in drug delivery systems, including physical crosslinking and chemical crosslinking. Additionally, various carrier forms such as hydrogel particles, hydrogel films, injectable hydrogels, and sprayable hydrogels are discussed. Key drug delivery parameters including loading and release efficiency as well as responses to different stimuli are also examined in detail. Finally, in view of the subdivision of drug delivery, the opportunities and challenges of nano cellulose based hydrogels were proposed from the perspective of application, and the potential research directions were pointed out. FAU - Ai, Yusen AU - Ai Y AD - State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China. FAU - Lin, Zhongxin AU - Lin Z AD - State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China. FAU - Zhao, Wenqi AU - Zhao W AD - Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P. R. China. zxwqdcdy@126.com. FAU - Cui, Mei AU - Cui M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2304-3903 AD - State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China. FAU - Qi, Wei AU - Qi W AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7378-1392 AD - State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China. FAU - Huang, Renliang AU - Huang R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0797-3473 AD - Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, P. R. China. AD - School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China. surx@tju.edu.cn. FAU - Su, Rongxin AU - Su R AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9778-9113 AD - State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China. AD - Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, P. R. China. AD - School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China. surx@tju.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20230802 PL - England TA - J Mater Chem B JT - Journal of materials chemistry. B JID - 101598493 RN - 0 (Hydrogels) RN - 9004-34-6 (Cellulose) RN - 0 (Polymers) SB - IM MH - *Hydrogels/chemistry MH - Drug Delivery Systems/methods MH - Cellulose/chemistry MH - Polymers MH - *Nanoparticles/chemistry EDAT- 2023/06/14 06:42 MHDA- 2023/08/03 06:43 CRDT- 2023/06/14 05:26 PHST- 2023/08/03 06:43 [medline] PHST- 2023/06/14 06:42 [pubmed] PHST- 2023/06/14 05:26 [entrez] AID - 10.1039/d3tb00478c [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Mater Chem B. 2023 Aug 2;11(30):7004-7023. doi: 10.1039/d3tb00478c.